Variation in postpartum maternal care programs the development of neuroendocrine and mesolimbic dopamine pathways in female offspring Catherine Jensen Peña Variation in adult rat maternal behavior is predicted by the experience of maternal licking and grooming (LG) in infancy, such that females that experience high levels of LG (High LG) during postnatal development typically themselves become ...

The lateral gastric (LG) motor neuron of the stomatogastric nervous system of the crab Cancer borealis has a large soma in the stomatogastric ganglion (STG). The LG motor neuron makes inhibitory synaptic connections within the neuropil of the STG, and also projects to the periphery, where it innervates a series of muscles that control the movements of the lateral teeth of the gastric mill. The ...

Galectin-3 has a relatively high level of expression in triple-negative breast cancers and is a potential marker for this disease. However, the clinical and prognostic implications of galectin-3 expression in breast cancer remain unclear. We examined mastectomy specimens from 1086 breast cancer cases and matching, adjacent non-cancerous tissues using immunohistochemistry. Overall, triple-negati...

Pearl millet is a staple food crop for millions of people living in the arid and semi-arid tropics. Molecular markers have been used to identify genomic regions linked to traits of interest by conventional QTL mapping and association analysis. Phenotypic recurrent selection is known to increase frequencies of favorable alleles and decrease those unfavorable for the traits under selection. This ...

(LG) tools, introduced first in 2004. LG is a type of game theory that generates best strategies for all sides in a conflict in real time. The paper describes the main advanced features of the versions (through Version 3.7) of LG-PACKAGE released gradually from 2004 through 2010. These releases converted LG-PACKAGE into the software of industrial strength applicable to the wide scope of defense...

A literature search with no date limits in PubMed using the keywords " lymphomatoid granulomatosis " and " larynx " found only two reported cases where LG affects the larynx, but in both of them, laryngeal disease was associated with pulmonary involvement. 2,3 The larynx has its own lymphatic structure called larynx-associated lymphoid tissue (LALT). In the subglottis, LALT is replaced througho...

The superficial strata of ground have been perennially exposed to the action of natural agents such as heat, cold and water. However, grazing agent was not different from them when soils were investigated from temperate rangelands of Kashmir and caused the soil compaction, soil structure degradation and loss of soil organic C and C/N ratio. Soils from three grazing intensities were investigated...

Chemoresistance is a major cause of cancer treatment failure and leads to a reduction in the survival rate of cancer patients. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin (PI3K/AKT/mTOR) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are aberrantly activated in many malignant tumors, including breast cancer, which may indicate an association with breast ca...

conclusions these outcomes support our theory that rapamycin increases oxidative stress in mcf-7 and mda mb-231 cells but also shows high levels of antioxidant effects, which probably limit the effects of the rapamycin on the same issue in the clinic. methods the mcf-7 and mda mb-231 cell lines were cultivated and treated with rapamycin for 72 hours. the viability of the cells was determined us...