Automated negotiation provides an important mechanism to reach agreements among distributed decision makers (Beer et al., 1999; Kraus et al., 1998; Lai et al., 2004; Rosenschein & Zlotkin, 1994). It has been extensively studied from the perspective of e-commerce (Guttman et al., 1998; He et al., 2003; Lopez-Carmona et al., 2006; Sierra, 2004), though it can be seen from a more general perspecti...