The aim of this study was to inhibit influenza virus M2 protein expression by mutating the splicing signal of the M gene. Mutations were introduced into the GU dinucleotide sequence at the 5'-proximal splicing site of the M gene (corresponding to nt 52-53 of M cRNA). Transfected cells expressing mutated M viral ribonucleoproteins failed to generate M2 mRNA. Interestingly, recombinant viruses wi...

Watershed inventories and population monitoring are essential components of efforts to conserve and recover freshwater mussel diversity in Canada. We used two datasets to assess the efficacy of a quadrat-based sampling protocol for: (1) detecting mussel species at risk; (2) characterizing species composition; (3) providing accurate estimates of abundance; and (4) detecting changes in density. T...

The distribution of framework Al in ZSM-5 was simulated for various Si/Al ratios and the results used to determine the fraction of Al atoms in next nearest neighbors (NNN) T sites. All the 4-, 5-, and 6-membered rings were identified in the unit cell and the fraction of these rings with 0, 1, 2, and 3 Al was calculated. Lastly, the radial distribution function of Al–Al pairs, the number of Al’s...

Then, let q(x) = ∑ m∈M (am ·m(x)) be the weighted sum of these monomials, for a set of weights {am}m∈M . We want to choose the weights in order to give q the properties already stated, which is equivalent to finding a non-trivial solution to a certain system of equations. Denote S = {s1, . . . , s|S|} and M = {m1, . . . ,m|M |}. Then, the system of equations we would like to solve is  m1(s1...

Adaptive sampling has been used as an efficient sampling strategy in metrology for many years. However, most of the research into adaptive sampling has concentrated on the area of form measurement by coordinate measuring machines. This paper will discuss the use of adaptive sampling, primarily to reduce the measurement time when making high density areal surface measurements, for instruments th...

Sampling strategy All dust samples were taken in offices, laboratories and instrument assembly rooms of the Thermo Scientific Bremen factory site. The samples were collected according to an established protocol [4]. Shortly, in offices 1 m2 of carpet was vacuumed for 2 min and in case of bare floors 4 m2 was vacuumed for 4 min. Samples were collected using nylon sample socks (25 μm pore size) t...

Although metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) modulation has been studied extensively in neurons, it has not been investigated in astrocytes. We studied modulation of glutamate-evoked calcium rises in primary astrocyte cultures using fura-2 ratiometric digital calcium imaging. Calcium plays a key role as a second messenger system in astrocytes, both in regulation of many subcellular processe...

Coordination polymers derived from 5-benzyloxy isophthalic acid (H2BzOip) are rare, with only three reported that do not contain additional bridging ligands, of which two M2(BzOip)2(H2O) (M = Co and Zn) are isomorphous. It was hoped that by varying the solvent system in a reaction between H2BzOip and M(OAc)2 (M = Co and Zn), from water to a water/alcohol mixture, coordination polymers of differ...

Improvement to an earlier decoding algorithm for codes from algebraic geometry is presented. For codes from an arbitrary regular plane curve we correct up to d*/2 m2/8 + m /4 9/8 errors, where d* is the designed distance of the code and m is the degree of the curve. The complexity of finding the error locator is O(n7/3), where n is the length of the code. For codes from Hermitian curves the com...