The CFD models JASMINE and SOFIE have been used to simulate the convection currents and thermal conditions inside one steel compartment due to a fire in an adjacent compartment. The impact, on the thermal environment inside the steel compartment, of the positioning of the adjacent fire in both 'side-heated' and 'bottom-heated' configurations has been examined. For the side-heated configuration,...

Habitat modification can improve outcomes for imperilled wildlife. Insectivorous bats in North America face a range of conservation threats, including habitat loss and white-nose syndrome (WNS). Even healthy bats face energetic constraints during spring, but enhancement of roosting habitat could reduce energetic costs, increase survival and enhance recovery from WNS. We tested the potential of ...

I . Baby pigs were removed from the sow 36-48 h after birth and reared on a diet of reconstituted whole-milk powder until 28 d of age. The whole milk was either mildly or severely heated before spray-drying ; the severe heating completely denatured the whey proteins. 2. When the two milks were given at a high level of intake, either at hourly intervals or twice daily, severe scouring and some d...

An experimental study is reported on natural convection heat transfer from a helical heating coil to the surrounding fluid. The coil is heated electrically and the surrounding fluid is selected to be water. The range of parameters are: Rayleigh number, 879 ?£ Ra ?£ 780168, Prandtl number, 4.22 ?£ Pr ?£ 10.02, dimensionless coil diameter,7.69 ?£ Dave /d ?£ 10.77, number of coil rings, 2 ?£ N ?£ ...

In low-pressure capacitively coupled plasmas, high-energy electrons are collisionlessly heated by large rf fields in the sheaths while low-energy electrons are confined in the bulk plasma by the ambipolar potential. Low-energy electrons are typically inefficiently heated due to their low collisionality and the weak rf electric field present in the bulk. It is shown, however, that as a result of...

Investment in one life-history stage can have delayed effects on subsequent life-history stages within a single reproductive bout. We experimentally heated tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) nests during incubation to test for effects on parental and nestling conditions. Females incubating in heated boxes maintained higher body condition and fed nestlings at higher rates. We cross-fostered nest...

Numerical solutions of the full Navier-Stokes equations are obtained for the problem of natural convection in closed cavities of small aspect ratio with differentially heated end walls. These solutions cover the parameter range Pr = 6.983, 10 6 Gr d 2 x lo4 and 0.05 4 A d 1. A comparison with the asymptotic theory of part 1 shows excellent agreement between the analytical and numerical solution...

Experiments were performed to ascertain the single!phase heat transfer enhancement provided by streamwise curva! ture[ Curved and straight rectangular ~ow channels were fabricated with identical 4[9×1[4 mm cross!sections and 090[5 mm heated lengths in which heat was applied to a 21[2 mm radius concave wall in the curved channel and a side wall in the straight[ Reynolds number ranged from 8999 t...

Fast and efficient (resonant) X-ray emission spectroscopy setup for the electronic structure at lower mantle conditions: high spin in laser-heated FeCO 3 a two-step transition pressurized Fe 2 O with increasing valence to core intensity.