Mathematicians and physicists have long wondered why the Octionic Projective Plane (OP2), the Freudenthal – Tits Magic Square, or Magic Triangle and certain functions of the Octonions and Sedenions abruptly end. This paper lays out the various elements included in this conundra, with the assumption that irregularities and undiscovered relationships between these structures account for the anoma...

Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) is a very popular methodology for developing knowledge-based systems [1]. Yet there are few toolkits available for building CBR systems. In this paper we present a framework called Fionn that is specifically designed for the development of CBR systems. Since Fionn was designed specifically for CBR it provides good support for some of the unique characteristics of CBR ...

What is probability? Physicists, mathematicians, and philosophers have been engaged with this question since well before the rise of modern physics. But in quantum mechanics, where probabilities are associated only with measurements, the question strikes to the heart of other foundational problems: what distinguishes measurements from other physical processes? Or in more formal terms: when are ...

in the present study, 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-d) was assessed individually for its effectiveness to induce somatic embryogenesis in tea (camellia sinenesis l.). embryonic axes and cotyledons explants were dissected from the seeds. explants were cultured on murashige and skoog (ms) medium containing 0, 1 and 5 mm 2, 4-d alone for embryonic axes and 0, 1 and 5 mm 2, 4-d along with 0...