In this issue of JEM, Fu et al. (https://doi.org/10.1084/jem.20161120) identified the kinase Mink1 as a novel negative regulator of Th17 cell generation. Mink1, activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS), prevents TGF-β activation of Smad2, therefore limiting Th17 cell differentiation.

To specify the site of action of the synthetic coumarin derivatives 7-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) coumarin (HHC) and 7-hydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxyphenyl) dihydrocoumarin (HHDC), we evaluated their effects on extra- and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in phorbol-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) stimulated human neutrophils. We studied also the effects of HHC and HHDC on possible molec...

High salinity causes growth inhibition and shoot bleaching in plants that do not tolerate high salt (glycophytes), including most crops. The molecules affected directly by salt and linking the extracellular stimulus to intracellular responses remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that rice (Oryza sativa) Salt Intolerance 1 (SIT1), a lectin receptor-like kinase expressed mainly in root ep...

Nootkatone, a characteristic constituent of grapefruit, stimulates energy metabolism and 1 prevents diet-induced obesity by activating AMPK 2 3 Takatoshi Murase, Koichi Misawa, Satoshi Haramizu, Yoshihiko Minegishi, and Tadashi Hase 4 5 Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikai-machi, Haga-gun, Tochigi 6 321-3497, Japan 7 Running head: Nootkatone activates AMPK 8 9...

RATIONALE Oxidants generated by activated endothelial cells are known to induce apoptosis, a pathogenic feature of vascular injury and inflammation from multiple pathogeneses. The melastatin-family transient receptor potential 2 (TRPM2) channel is an oxidant-sensitive Ca2+ permeable channel implicated in mediating apoptosis; however, the mechanisms of gating of the supranormal Ca2+ influx requi...

Neutrophils release reactive oxygen species (ROS) as part of the innate inflammatory immune response. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kgamma), which is induced by the bacterial peptide N-formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP), has been identified as an essential intracellular mediator of ROS production. However, the complex signalling reactions that link PI3Kgamma with ROS synthesis by...

RATIONALE Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) belong to a superfamily of mitochondrial anion transporters that uncouple ATP synthesis from oxidative phosphorylation and mitigates mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production. OBJECTIVE We assessed the hypothesis that UCP2 participates in central cardiovascular regulation by maintaining reactive oxygen species homeostasis in the rostra...

An inverse relationship exists between kallistatin levels and salt-induced oxidative stress in Dahl-salt sensitive rats. We further investigated the role of kallistatin in inhibiting inflammation and fibrosis through antioxidative stress in Dahl-salt sensitive rats and cultured renal cells. High-salt intake in Dahl-salt sensitive rats induced elevation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances...

Spermatozoa are very special cells and constantly exposed to the interphase between oxidative stress through high amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and leukocytes, and reduction by means of scavengers and antioxidants. Considering the very special functions of spermatozoa as being the only cells with such high polarization and exerting their functions outside the body, even in a differen...

Development of Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors is great value and significance in the treatment B-cell malignancies autoimmune diseases. Herein, a novel class pyrazolopyrimidine-based BTK were designed evaluated mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) lines. We demonstrated that target compounds had made progress improvement antiproliferative activity compared to lead compound. Compounds 13c, 13g,...