Water-powered facilities (WPFs) have traditionally been a pillar of the economy and social development. Therefore, state took an interest in having these objects recorded mapped relevant maps registers. This article focuses on identifying localizing WPFs Moravice River basin so-called Sudetenland, Czechia, between years 1763 2021. Specifically, evolution (dis)continuity are assessed through ana...

The earliest pre-Linnaean fungal genera are briefly discussed here with special emphasis on the nomenclatural connection with the genus Cordyceps Fr. Since its valid publication under the basidiomycetous genus Clavaria Vaill. ex L. (Clavaria militaris L. Sp. Pl. 2:1182, 1753), the genus Cordyceps has undergone nomenclatural changes in the post-Linnaean era, but has stood firmly for approximatel...

There are two roles that association played in 18th-19th century associationism. The first dominates modern understanding of the history of the concept: association is a causal link posited to explain why ideas come in the sequence they do. The second has been ignored: association is merely regularity in the trains of thought, and the target of explanation. The view of association as regularity...

Introduction and Goals 19th century Europe was infested with diphteria, tuberculosis (TB), cholera and multiple infectious diseases. Cholera and TB are examples of diseases that had been deadly in the 19th century and declined rapidly independently of the discovery of medication. In particular, in the UK there was a shift from ubiquitous mortality to extremely low mortality from the mid-19th to...

The concept of photocarcinogenesis is of fairly recent duration. Although cancer of the breast is described in the ancient Greek medical literature, skin cancer is not mentioned even as late as the 18th Century. This is most likely due to the poor survival of humans, 80% of people did not live past 40 years, and only 6% lived longer than 60 years. The first association of skin cancer (face and ...

Radiative transfer describes the transport of electromagnetic energy in macroscopic environments when polarization effects are neglected [38]. The theory originates in work by Bouguer [6, 7] and Lambert [23] in the 18th century where the intensity of light and its measurement were first studied systematically, cf. Fig. 1, and in the 19th and early 20th century the theory was extended to include...

The aim of this study is to present the pathological lesions observed in a skeleton (male, about 35–38 years old) from Radom (Poland), dated 18th–19th century. Bone changes were both femurs and pelvic bones. head femur enlarged deformed, described as “mushroom-shaped”, with areas smooth cortex cavities, or possible cystic residues. neck short thick. bone shaft distal epiphysis do not show any c...

The fact that insects and other arthropods contribute to the decomposition of corpses and even may help to solve killings is known for years. In China (13th century) a killer was convicted with the help of flies. Artistic contributions, e.g. from the 15th and 16th century, show corpses with “worms”, i.e. maggots. At the end of the 18th and in the beginning of the 19th century forensic doctors p...