BACKGROUND z-Guggulsterone (z-Gug) and Gugulipid (GL) have been used to treat a variety of ailments. We now report their anti-cancer effect and mechanism against human breast cancer. METHODS Using the human estrogen receptor-positive (MCF-7) and triple-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells as well as the normal human mammary epithelial cell line (HMEC), we evaluated the anti-breast-cancer...

Let F be a nonarchimedean local field, let GL(n) = GL(n, F ) and let ν denote Plancherel measure for GL(n). Let Ω be a component in the Bernstein variety Ω(GL(n)). Then Ω yields its fundamental invariants: the cardinality q of the residue field of F , the sizes m1, . . . ,mt, exponents e1, . . . , et, torsion numbers r1, . . . , rt, formal degrees d1, . . . , dt and the Artin conductors f11, . ...

Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) utilizes two different pathways for host cell entry. HCMV entry into fibroblasts requires glycoproteins gB and gH/gL, whereas HCMV entry into epithelial and endothelial cells (EC) requires an additional complex composed of gH, gL, UL128, UL130, and UL131A, referred to as the gH/gL-pentamer complex (gH/gL-PC). While there are no established correlates of protection a...

Nationwide, 45 states issue health advisories for sport fish consumers. Chemical contaminants in some Great Lakes (GL) sport fish include compounds suspected of causing adverse reproductive and developmental effects. Although advisories to reduce consumption of contaminated fish, especially by women, have been issued by GL states (i.e., Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pe...

Green logistics (GL) is gaining increasing attention among academic researchers and industrial practitioners, due to the escalating deterioration of the environment. Various green activities and operations aiming at improving the performance of GL have been applied synthetically, and most of the activities can be modeled as combinatorial optimization (CO) problems. Exact approaches tend to be i...

BACKGROUND Metabolic diseases in China have been on the rise in recent decades, partially due to reduced cereal consumption and excessive intake of low glycemic index (GI) foods such as meat and oil. Although the relationship between dietary glycemic load (GL) and various metabolic diseases has been extensively studied worldwide, it is unclear whether dietary GL is related to blood lipid levels...

We present a syntactic proof of cut-elimination for weak Grzegorczyk logic Go. The logic has a syntactically similar axiomatisation to Gödel–Löb logic GL (provability logic) and Grzegorczyk’s logic Grz. Semantically, GL can be viewed as the irreflexive counterpart of Go, and Grz can be viewed as the reflexive counterpart of Go. Although proofs of syntactic cut-elimination for GL and Grz have ap...

Abstract We calculate, in the framework of geometric Langlands program, periods cuspidal automorphic sheaves for $\operatorname{GL}_{2n}$ along Levi subgroup $\operatorname{GL}_n\times \operatorname{GL}_n$. also solve corresponding local problem.

The aims of this study were to elucidate the immunomodulatory effects of glycyrrhizin (GL) on CD4(+)T cell responses during liver fibrogenesis. To obtain in vivo evidence about the effects of GL on CD4(+)T cells in livers and spleens of concanavalin A (ConA)-induced mouse model, mice were administrated with ConA together with or without GL for 8 weeks. Mice treated with GL dramatically prevente...