To assess the effects of phenytoin sodium on biochemical markers of testicular function. Male Wistar rats (12 weeks old) were treated with phenytoin and sacrificed at the end of 2, 4, 5, 7, 10 and 15 week after the last exposure to phenytoin sodium. The testes were removed, weighed and processed for biochemical analysis. The intratesticular testosterone level was significantly (P<0.001) reduced...

Interest in quantifying metal-Aβ species in vivo led to the synthesis and evaluation of [11C]L2-b and [18F]FL2-b as radiopharmaceuticals for studying the metallobiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. [11C]L2-b was synthesized in 3.6% radiochemical yield (nondecay corrected, n = 3), >95% radiochemical purity, from the corresponding desmethyl precurs...

Dopamine D3 receptors are preferentially localized in the limbic system and midbrain, and thus may be involved in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatry disorders. [11C](+)-PHNO is the first preferential D3 receptor radioligand in humans, yet there are no blockade studies with a D3 receptor antagonist in humans. This study characterized the blockade of [11C](+)-PHNO binding by ABT-925, a D3 rec...

Potentiation of serotonergic transmission increases cognitive flexibility, but can in other circumstances increase sensitivity to stressful environmental cues. The personality trait Openness to Experience reflects and is also associated with an increased risk for mood disorders. We hypothesized that the personality trait has an association with a biomarker of serotonergic transmission, the plas...

BACKGROUND Topical phenytoin is a powerful skin wounds healing and it may be useful in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of topical phenytoin 0.5%, by comparing it with cream (control) in wounds resulting from excision of two melanocytic nevi in the same patient. Our purpose was also to assess if phenytoin had better therapeutic and cosmetic outcomes when c...

A 52-year-old African American female presented with severe left thigh pain of unknown etiology. She had a past medical history of generalized seizure disorder treated with phenytoin for 7 years without incident. During admission a nurse witnessed a seizure, and consequently loading and maintenance doses of phenytoin were administered to obtain a therapeutic serum concentration. The patient had...

Brendan P. Lucey, MD A 55-year-old right-handed man started phenytoin after 2 seizures. Four weeks later, he complained of involuntary facial movements. Examination revealed orofacial dyskinesias: eyebrow elevation and lip pursing (video on the Neurology Web site at www. neurology.org). No ataxia, slurred speech, or nystagmus was seen. His phenytoin level was 29.5 mg/L when examined, increased ...

OBJECTIVE There has been growing interest in newer anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) for seizure prophylaxis in the intensive care setting because of safety and monitoring issues associated with conventional AEDs like phenytoin. This analysis assessed the cost-effectiveness of levetiracetam versus phenytoin for early onset seizure prophylaxis after neurosurgery and traumatic brain injury (TBI). MET...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study is to determine: 1) the frequency of patients admitted for phenytoin toxicity and their economic burden; 2) the clinical symptoms and signs of intoxication; 3) the causes or risk factors of intoxication, and 4) the ways to prevent phenytoin toxicity. METHODS Retrospective review of hospital ICD coded database between 1987 and 1998. All patients with phenytoin in...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and many other neurodegenerative disorders belong to the family of protein misfolding diseases. These diseases are characterized by the deposition of insoluble protein aggregates containing an enriched β-sheet structure. To evaluate PET amyloid-imaging tracer [11C]BF-227 as an agent for in vivo detection of various kinds of misfolded protein, a [11C]BF-227 PET study was...