Here we show a heterogeneous energy landscape approach to describing the Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) relaxation function. For a homogeneous dynamic process, the distribution of free energy landscape is first proposed, revealing the significance of rugged fluctuations. In view of the heterogeneous relaxation given in two dynamic phases and the transmission coefficient in a rate process, we o...

This paper offers an ecologically-based view of land and land value, buildin,0 upon the muftiproducr nature of e&systems and upon landscape ecology. The paper qu&.ions the ability of markets to create optimal landscap&‘even when traditionhl methods of internalizing externalities are appli&d, ;and concludes that-&emptin g a tomplere valuation of’ ecosystem; is’ quixoric: Achieving sustainable la...

The landscape concept, such as it is conceived today, can not be reduced to the study of only the physical elements of the countryside and to traces of human activity. In addition to this is a subjective element represented by the perspective that the observer overlooks the environment which surrounds him. The landscape is consequently at the same time a physical object and the view observed by...

Vocal development is the adaptive coordination of the vocal apparatus, muscles, the nervous system, and social interaction. Here, we use a quantitative framework based on optimal control theory and Waddington's landscape metaphor to provide an integrated view of this process. With a biomechanical model of the marmoset monkey vocal apparatus and behavioral developmental data, we show that only t...