Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disease accounting for >2% of the congenitally deaf population. It is characterized by deafness in association with pigmentary anomalies and various defects of neural crest-derived tissues. At least four types are recognized (WS1, WS2, WS3 and WS4) on the basis of clinical and genetic criteria. Two previously described fami...

زمینه و هدف: کم‌تحرکی در مقابل آن تمرین جزء عوامل مرتبط با شاخص‌های آسیب کبدی به‌شمار می‌روند. وجود این هنوز نقش بسیاری از تمرین‌های ورزشی به‌ویژه تمرینات تناوبی مقاومتی مصرف برخی مکمل‌های غذایی جمله اسپیرولینا بر ایمنی التهابی کاملاٌ شناخته نشده است؛ بنابراین هدف پژوهش تعیین اثر هشت هفته مکمل‌دهی هوازی فعالیت بافت کبد بیان ژن CXCL1 عضلة موش‌های صحرایی نر بود.مواد روش‌ها: نیمه‌تجربی، 60 سر موش ن...

Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage is a risk factor for individuals suffering from trauma, surgical procedures, invasive devices, and/or decreased immunity. Recently, we demonstrated that artificial nasal colonization with an attenuated S. aureus mutant reduced by bacterial interference with the colonization of pathogenic strains of S. aureus. This could be an optional tool to diminish the ra...

One of the ancient methods for the generation of bacterial mutants was to insert the composite transposable elements (e.g. Tn10) flanked by desired gene sequences, into the bacterial chromosome. This mechanism of DNA integrating into a chromosome can sometimes not only lead to the creation of desired mutants but also induced other recombination event within the chromosome. Several studies have ...