Basement membrane-adherent type II alveolar cells isolated from lung assemble into lumen-containing cellular spheres which retain the correct polarity and thereby approximate the earliest fetal stage of alveolar morphogenesis. The molecular basis of this process, determined in initial experiments to be attributable mainly to the large heterotrimeric glycoprotein laminin, was probed with laminin...

Laminin self-assembles into large polymers by a cooperative two-step calcium-dependent mechanism (Yurchenco, P. D., E. C. Tsilibary, A. S. Charonis, and H. Furthmayr. 1985. J. Biol. Chem. 260:7636-7644). The domain specificity of this process was investigated using defined proteolytically generated fragments corresponding to the NH2-terminal globule and adjacent stem of the short arm of the B1 ...

We construct vacua of M–theory on S1/Z2 associated with Calabi–Yau three-folds. These vacua are appropriate for compactification to N = 1 supersymmetry theories in both four and five dimensions. We allow for general E8 × E8 gauge bundles and for the presence of five-branes. The five-branes span the four-dimensional uncompactified space and are wrapped on holomorphic curves in the Calabi–Yau spa...

Culture conditions play an important role in regulating the genomic integrity of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells (HPSCs). We report that HPSCs cultured in Essential 8 (E8) and mTeSR, two widely used media for feeder-free culturing of HPSCs, had many fold higher levels of ROS and higher mitochondrial potential than cells cultured in Knockout Serum Replacement containing media (KSR). HPSCs also exhi...

Recent evidence has unveiled the critical role of tumor cells with stem cell activities in tumorigenicity and drug resistance, but how tumor microenvironments regulate cancer stem/initiating cells (CSCs) remains unknown. We clarified the role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and their downstream factor milk-fat globule-epidermal growth factor-VIII (MFG-E8) in the regulation of CSC activit...

We and others have recently identified a CD8 locus enhancer (E8) that directs expression in mature CD8 single-positive thymocytes and peripheral CD8+ T cells and in extrathymically derived intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL). In this study, we show that deletion of E8, by homologous recombination results in reduced CD8alphaalpha homodimer expression on IEL. Since CD8 expression on thym...

This paper gives a detailed review of the work done by Hořava and Witten , who proposed that the strongly coupled limit of the E8 ×E8 heterotic string on R10 is the same as the low energy limit of M theory on R10 × S/Z2. This equivalence is then used to derive Heterotic-Type I duality from an eleven dimensional perspective. Lastly, applications of Hořava-Witten theory to phenomenology and cosmo...

A set of consistency conditions is derived for the massless sector of the D-dimensional E8 × E8 heterotic string. Under the solvable Lie algebra gauge these conditions are further formulated explicitly in terms of the dilatons and the axions. It is then shown that these consistency conditions which are satisfied by the solution space give way to an implicit decoupling between the coset scalar s...

PURPOSE An antibody-drug conjugate consisting of monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) conjugated to the anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody (mAb) cAC10, with eight drug moieties per mAb, was previously shown to have potent cytotoxic activity against CD30(+) malignant cells. To determine the effect of drug loading on antibody-drug conjugate therapeutic potential, we assessed cAC10 antibody-drug conjugates c...