PURPOSE The process of photoreceptor cell death in retinitis pigmentosa is still not well characterized, and identification of common mechanisms will be instrumental for development of therapeutic strategies. Here we investigated activation of Bax in rd1, P23H transgenic, and Rho knockout retinas. METHODS Bax activation was evaluated by immunofluorescence using anti-activated Bax-specific ant...

The ARF and p53 tumor suppressors mediate Myc-induced apoptosis and suppress lymphoma development in E mu-myc transgenic mice. Here we report that the proapoptotic Bcl-2 family member Bax also mediates apoptosis triggered by Myc and inhibits Myc-induced lymphomagenesis. Bax-deficient primary pre-B cells are resistant to the apoptotic effects of Myc, and Bax loss accelerates lymphoma development...

objective: to evaluate the mrna expression ratio of bcl-2/bax both in normal and tumoral bladder tissues of patients with transitional cell carcinoma (tcc) of bladder and investigate potential correlation between this expression ratio and clinical outcome. materials and methods: in this experimental study, we used real time-pcr to investigate the expression of bcl-2 and bax both in normal and t...

Bax is required for the apoptotic death of sympathetic neurons deprived of nerve growth factor (NGF). After NGF withdrawal, Bax translocates from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria of these cells and induces release of the proapoptotic protein cytochrome c. Here, we report that withdrawing NGF from mouse sympathetic neurons caused an increase of mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS)...

The Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) protein Bax (Bcl-2 associated X, apoptosis regulator) can commit cells to apoptosis via outer mitochondrial membrane permeabilization. Bax activity is controlled in healthy cells by prosurvival Bcl-2 proteins. C-terminal Bax transmembrane domain interactions were implicated recently in Bax pore formation. Here, we show that the isolated transmembrane domains of Bax...

To investigate the role of BAX in chemotherapy-induced apoptosis, we transfected the SW626 human ovarian cancer cell line, which lacks functional p53, with a cDNA encoding for murine BAX. Immunoblotting revealed that BAX transfectants expressed a mean of 10-fold increased levels of BAX compared with neo-transfected control clones, with similar levels of BCL-2 and BCL-xL. The cytotoxicity of pac...

Targeted gene disruption studies have established that the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) is required for the stress-induced release of mitochondrial cytochrome c and apoptosis, and that the Bax subfamily of Bcl-2-related proteins is essential for JNK-dependent apoptosis. However, the mechanism by which JNK regulates Bax has remained unsolved. Here we demonstrate that activated JNK promotes Ba...

Bax is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins known to regulate mitochondria-dependent programmed cell death. Early in apoptosis, Bax translocates from the cytosol to the mitochondrial membrane. We have identified by confocal and electron microscopy a novel step in the Bax proapoptotic mechanism immediately subsequent to mitochondrial translocation. Bax leaves the mitochondrial membranes and ...

ataxia telangiectasia (at) is an autosomal recessive multi-system disorder, characterized by variable immunodeficiency, progressive neurodegeneration, occulocutaneous telangiectasia, and increased susceptibility to malignancies. this study was designed to study the role of pro-apoptotic bak, bax, nbk/bik genes in a group of patients with at to elucidate the possible role of these genes in progr...

Back ground: Although the cell differentiation is an inseparable part of development in multicellular organisms, the regulating molecular pathway of it still is not fully defined. In the other hand, apoptosis is a fundamental physiological process which plays an essential role in a variety of biological events during development. Moreover, recent studies have found that apoptosis shows several ...