data envelopment analysis (dea) is an eciency measurement tool for evaluation of similar decision making units (dmus). in dea, weights are assigned to inputs and outputs and the absolute eciency score is obtained by the ratio of weighted sum of outputs to weighted sum of inputs. in traditional dea models, this measure is also equivalent with relative eciency score which evaluates dmus in com...

لخص : بين في هذا البحث جهد الزمخشري ينحصر الجانب التطبيقي، وإبراز دور علم البيان إعداد المفسر لكتاب الله، وهل أضاف جديدا إلى المقاييس البلاغية، ونماذج من تفسيره تبين توظيفه للقواعد البلاغية فهم كتاب الله. هو بحث مكتبي. تتم معالجة البيانات التي تم الحصول عليها بتقنيات تحليل المحتوى. أما نتائج أن الركيزة يسعى إليها التفسير؛ لأنها هدفـه وغايته، كما البلاغة الذي وظفه الكشف عن إعجـاز القرآن يرتبط ار...

   The performance of a decision making unit (DMU) can be evaluated in either across-sectional or a time-series manner, and data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a useful method for both types of evaluation. The Malmquist productivity index (MPI) evaluates the change in efficiency of a DMU between two time periods. It is defined as the product of the Catch-up and Frontier-shift terms. In this pape...

In this paper, we propose a novel method using multiple-objective programming problems to answer the following question: if among a group of decision making units (DMUs), a subset of DMUs are required to merge and form a new DMU with specific input/output levels and a predefined efficiency target, how much should be the outputs/inputs of the merged DMU? This question answered according to the c...

Although discriminating between all efficient decision making units (DMUs) with identical efficiency is a very important subject in data envelopment analysis (DEA), it may not be an easy task, particularly when the decision maker wants to select one and only one efficient DMU among all. There are some papers that have proposed methods for finding an efficient DMU as the most efficient one but h...