Plant-parasitic nematodes produce at least one structurally unique class of small helix-rich retinol- and fatty-acid-binding proteins that have no counterparts in their plant hosts. Herein we describe a protein of the plant-parasitic root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica, which is a member of the nematode-specific fatty-acid- and retinol-binding (Mj-FAR-1) family of proteins. The mj-far-1 mRN...

Several cover crops with potential for use in tropical and subtropical regions were assessed for susceptibility to three common species of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, and M. javanica. Crops were selected based on potential use as organic amendments in anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) applications. Nematode juvenile (J2) numbers in soil and roots, egg production, a...

Temperature-induced phase transitions estimated by electron spin resonance (ESR) technique were ohscrved in the lipids of several nematode species. In both Meloidogyne javanica and Caenorhahditis elegans, there was a phase transition in their phospholipids from a liquid-crystalline state to a solid gel state at about 10 C. Aphelenchus avenae also had a phase transition, but at about 20 C. With ...

The effects of Meloidogyne incognita or M. javanica at five initial inoculum levels of 20, 100, 200, 1,000, and 2,000 eggs and infective juveniles per seedling on 'Floradade,' 'Nemarex,' 'Patriot,' and 'PI 129149-2(sib)-5' tomatoes maintained at 25 or 32.5 C were studied. The number of egg masses on roots of the susceptible cultivar Floradade was similar for both species of root-knot nematodes ...

Eight endoparasitic nematode species were recovered from 170 maize root samples in western Transvaal, Republic of South Africa. Pratylenchus zeae had the highest average population density (17,454/5 g roots), followed by P. neglectus (5,827/5 g roots), P. penetrans (5,617/5 g roots), P. brachyurus (3,060/5 g roots), Meloidogyne incognita plus M. javanica (301 juveniles/5 g roots), P. crenatus (...

Nonspecific esterases and malate dehydrogenases of 1-5 females from 40 root-knot nematode populations from Portugal were analyzed by electrophoresis in 0.4-mm-thick polyacrylamide gels. Fourteen major bands of esterase activity were detected, corresponding to 10 distinct phenotypes, Meloidogyne javanica and M. hapla had distinct species-specific phenotypes. Two phenotypes occurred in M. arenari...

Larvae of Meloidogyne spp. were readily infected with the endoparasite Bacillus penetrans by exposure to an aqueous suspension of spores from infected root-knot nematode females, or by passage of larvae through a shallow layer (50 cm(3)) of spore-infested soil. Infection severely reduced motility of second-stage larvae through soil. Bacillus penetrans exhibited a distinct host specificity in th...

Five sweetpotato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] cultivars (‘Beauregard’, ‘Excel’, ‘Jewel’, ‘Hernandez’, and ‘Porto Rico’) were evaluated for resistance to three root-knot nematode species: Meloidogyne arenaria (Neal) Chitwood (race 2), M. incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood (race 3), and M. javanica (Treub) Chitwood. Resistance screening efficiency was assessed in both 400-cm3 square pots and 150-...