Population growth and the associated increase in use of Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems (OWTS) Black Hills have been a reason for interest nitrate contamination within public water supply over past few years. The main concern is presence karst formation that all OWTS wastewater travel faster, limiting natural attenuation contaminants. treatment performance common soils wood-based media was ...

In most fruit tree orchards under localised irrigation, only a fraction of the rhizosphere is wetted by irrigation. As this may reduce growth and production, such that there demand for information on optimum number location emitters. mature ‘Arbequina’ olive orchard with 1667 trees ha-1, we analysed impact applying same amount water one vs. two drip irrigation pipes (laterals) per row. We had f...

Gully Land Consolidation (GLC) is a proven method to create farmlands and increase crop yields in the Loess Hilly Region, China. However, GLC influences phreatic water transformation might cause disasters, such as salinization swamping. For exploring influence of on mitigating series indoor experiments were conducted artificial rainfall hall. Then, we simulated patterns under more conditions wi...

[1] In the past two decades significant progress has been made toward the application of inverse modeling to estimate the water retention and hydraulic conductivity functions of the vadose zone at different spatial scales. Many of these contributions have focused on estimating only a few soil hydraulic parameters, without recourse to appropriately capturing and addressing spatial variability. T...

Abstract In maize fields, few studies have been conducted to identify the temporal trend of soil salinity and formulate optimal irrigation plans under climate change. Therefore, main goals this study were predict changes in over 2022–2050 an supplemental plan preventing a South African rainfed field. The used Global Climate Model (GCM) MPI-ESM1-2-LR obtain future data for area from 2022 2050 ap...