We predict a new class of large band gap quantum spin Hall insulators, the fluorinated PbX (X = C, Si, Ge and Sn) compounds, that are mechanically stable two-dimensional materials. Based on first principles calculations we find that, while the PbX systems are not topological insulators, all fluorinated PbX (PbXF2) compounds are 2D topological insulators. The quantum spin Hall insulating phase w...

During early development, the heart tube grows by progressive addition of progenitor cells to the arterial and venous poles. These cardiac progenitor cells, originally identified in 2001, are located in the splanchnic mesoderm in a region termed the second heart field (SHF). Since its discovery, our view of heart development has been refined and it is well established that perturbation in the a...

Abstract Crack in polymer bonded explosive (PBX) components will influence the safety and reliability of weapon system. In order to accurately simulate quasi-static fracture behavior PBX components, arc Brazilian experiment was carried out first. Then, phase field method (PFM) traditional extended finite element (XFEM) are used for comparative simulation Brazil test process, which both maximum ...

The HOX genes encode a family of transcription factors that have key roles in both development and malignancy. Disrupting the interaction between HOX proteins and their binding partner, PBX, has been shown to cause apoptotic cell death in a range of solid tumors. However, despite HOX proteins playing a particularly significant role in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), the relationship between HOX g...

TALE (three amino acid loop extension) homeodomain proteins include the PBC and the MEINOX sub-families. MEINOX proteins form heterodimer complexes with PBC proteins. Heterodimerization is crucial to DNA binding and for nuclear localization. PBC-MEINOX heterodimers bind DNA also in combination with HOX proteins, thereby modulating their DNA-binding specificity. TALE proteins therefore play cruc...

Vital motor functions, such as respiration and locomotion, rely on the ability of spinal motor neurons (MNs) to acquire stereotypical positions in the ventral spinal cord and to project with high precision to their peripheral targets. These key properties of MNs emerge during development through transcriptional programs that dictate their subtype identity and connectivity; however, the molecula...

Cbx1 is a dominant mutation of the bithorax complex (BX-C) of Drosophila partially transforming the second thoracic (T2) segment towards the third one (T3). Molecular analysis has shown that Cbx1 arose from a transposition within the BX-C of a DNA fragment of 17 kb containing pbx+ inserted into the Ubx area. In addition to the dominant phenotype, the Cbx1 mutation produces a set of recessive ho...