A protocol for the bottom-up self-assembly of nanogaps is developed through molecular linking of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Two π-conjugated oligo(phenylene ethynylene) molecules (OPE) with dithiocarbamate anchoring groups are used as ligands for the AuNPs. OPE-4S with a dithiocarbamate in each end of the molecule and a reference molecule OPE-2S with only a single dithiocarbamate end group. Th...

The spatial distributions of excited states in radio frequency electrical gas discharges have been observed to be dynamic functions of gas mixture, pressure, and applied voltage. Recent measurements of two-dimensional profiles of excited states in the Gaseous Electronics Conference reference cell ~GECRC! @McMillin and Zachariah, J. Appl. Phys. 77, 5538 ~1995!; 79, 77 ~1996!# have shown that the...

Pyruvate formate-lyase activating enzyme utilizes an iron-sulfur cluster and S-adenosylmethionine to generate the catalytically essential glycyl radical on pyruvate formate-lyase. Variable-temperature (4.2200 K) and variable-field (0.05-8 T) Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to characterize the iron-sulfur clusters present in anaerobically isolated pyruvate formate-lyase activating enzyme an...

Context. The stellar abundance ratio of Mg/Fe is an important tool in diagnostics of galaxy evolution. In order to make reliable measurements of the Mg abundance of stars, it is necessary to have accurate values for the oscillator strength ( f -value) of each of the observable transitions. In metal-poor stars the Mg i 3p–4s triplet around 5175 Å (Fraunhofer’s so-called b lines) are the most pro...

The 8Fe ferredoxin III from Desulfovibrio africanus is a monomeric protein which contains two [4Fe-4S]2+/1+ clusters, one of which is labile and can readily and reversibly lose one Fe under oxidative conditions to yield a [3Fe-4S]1+/0 cluster. This 4Fe cluster has an S = 3/2 ground sping state insteaed of S = 1/2 in the reduced +1 state [George, Armstrong, Hatchikian and Thomson (1989) Biochem....

Abstract It is a challenge for mathematics teachers to provide activities their students at high level of cognitive demand. In this article, we explore the possibilities that history has offer meet challenge. History can be applied in education different ways. We framework describing appearances curriculum materials. This consists four formats are entitled speck, stamp, snippet, and story. Char...

The production of sesquiterpene-type phytoalexins with a vetispyradiene skeleton by Hyoscyamus albus hairy roots induced by methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was reported in a previous paper. The production pattern on co-treatment with cupper sulfate and MeJA (CuSO(4)-MeJA) showed a TLC profile differing from that on treatment with MeJA. Thus, we studied the production of phytoalexins on hairy root cultu...

A limited exposure of (n-Bu4N)2[Fe4S4(SEt)4] solutions in acetonitrile to air was found to produce a new series of [4Fe–4S] cluster complexes, Fe4S4(SEt)4−x(SSEt)x]2− (x= 1–4), with the original –SEt ligands substituted by –SSEt di-sulfide ligands, which were formed due to partial ecomposition of the [4Fe–4S] core in parent [Fe4S4(SEt)4]2−. The products were first observed in the experiments wi...

Desulfovibrio africanus ferredoxin III is a monomeric protein (molecular mass of 6585 Da) that contains one [3Fe-4S]1+/0 and one [4Fe-4S]2+/1+ cluster when isolated aerobically. The amino acid sequence consists of 61 amino acids, including seven cysteine residues that are all involved in co-ordination to the clusters. In order to isolate larger quantities of D. africanus ferredoxin III, we have...