Evolutionary pressures on proteins are often quantified by the ratio of substitution rates at non-synonymous and synonymous sites. The dN/dS ratio was originally developed for application to distantly diverged sequences, the differences among which represent substitutions that have fixed along independent lineages. Nevertheless, the dN/dS measure is often applied to sequences sampled from a sin...

Down syndrome (DS) is a common genetic condition caused by the presence of three copies of chromosome 21 (trisomy 21). This greatly increases the risk of Alzheimer disease (AD), but although virtually all people with DS have AD neuropathology by 40 years of age, not all develop dementia. To dissect the genetic contribution of trisomy 21 to DS phenotypes including those relevant to AD, a range o...

Diopside (DS) is a monoclinic pyroxene mineral with composition MgCaSi2O6. Lately,diopside (DS) has beenintroduced as a bioceramics due to its best bioactivity and biocompatibility. It has a good strength andtoughness than those of hydroxyapatite (HT). In this project, bioactivity of diopside (DS) powder wereevaluated and investigated. For synthesized of diopside (DS) powder, ...

For any compact Riemannian surface of genus three $(\Sigma, ds^2)$ Yang and Yau proved that the product first eigenvalue Laplacian $\lambda_1(ds^2)$ area $Area(ds^2)$ is bounded above by $24\pi$. In this paper we improve result show $\lambda_1(ds^2) Area(ds^2) \leq 16(4 - \sqrt{7})\hspace{.02cm}\pi \approx 21.668\hspace{.02cm}\pi$. About sharpness bound, for hyperbolic Klein quartic numerical c...

Down sydrome (DS) is a relatively frequent chromosomal disorder, which has no safe and effective method of prenatal diagnosis to date. The present study was designed to identify DS biomarkers. We quantified the changes in the umbilical cord blood protein levels between DS-affected and healthy (control) pregnant females using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and Gen...

BACKGROUND The use of dietary supplements (DS) is common among persons with dementia. Direct risks associated with DS use include adverse events and DS-drug interactions. A direct risk is a risk caused by the treatment itself. Indirect risks are related to the treatment setting, such as the conditions of use, and not to the treatment itself. Because dementia symptoms may reduce a person's abili...

INTRODUCTION "Obesity" is considered a feature of youth with DS but whether "low physical fitness" is also a feature is unknown. OBJECTIVE The aim of this case-control study was to compare the levels of fatness and fitness in adolescents with and without DS. METHODS Participants included 17 (5 girls) adolescents with DS aged 12-18 years and a control group of 94 (45 girls) adolescents witho...

OBJECTIVE To assess the nutritional status and prevalence of obesity among children with Down syndrome (DS). METHODS The study group comprised pre-pubertal children, with clinically and cytogenetically proven DS. Healthy siblings, closest in age to the DS children, were used as a control group. Body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), triceps skinfold thickness (TSFT), and macro- and micro...

شرایط افروزش و اشتعال سوخت‌های گداخت هسته‌ای در حضور ناخالص­‌ها، یکی از موارد مهمی است که طراحی قرص‌های سوخت باید مورد توجه قرار گیرد. این مقاله اثر ناخالصی هسته سنگین طلا بر کلیه فرایندهای احتراق پلاسمای غیرتعادلی دوتریم- تریتیم مدل چهار دمایی آن شکل تابع توزیع انرژی رفتار فوتون‌ها تأثیر می‌گذارد بررسی گرفته است. مطالعه شامل اثرات منفی سوخت، طول زمان تشکیل لکه داغ نتایج محاسبات عددی به­ دست آم...

This study deals with sentence patterns, including quoted verses of the Quran in Kissa-i Musa. The positions quotations can be classified as intrasentential and intersentential this text. While an quotation indicates a complete Turkish sentence, on other hand, is part sentence. Moreover, are combined or without conjunction ki kim sentences. mainly aims to find how were placed For reason, senten...