BACKGROUND Despite an increase in research devoted to primary care attributes, the patient benefits and educational aspects of broad scope practice of primary care physicians (PCPs) have not been well studied, due to a lack of validated measurement in each country. The objective of this study was to develop and validate the Scope of Practice Inventory (SPI) to measure physicians' scope of pract...

Salmonella Gallinarum is a pathogen with a host range specific to poultry, while Salmonella Enteritidis is a broad host range pathogen that colonizes poultry sub-clinically but is a leading cause of gastrointestinal salmonellosis in humans and many other species. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the complex interplay between Salmonella and their hosts, the molecular basis of host...

Background: Understanding how to successfully deal with human and technical aspects involved in Software Process Improvement (SPI) programs is a challenging issue. Technical aspects are not enough to guarantee the success of activities. Human factors (e.g., experiences, opinions and perceptions) impact the effectiveness of SPI programs. Aim: this paper aims to improve our current understanding ...

A study was conducted to evaluate a net value of exogenous (dietary) protein nutrition in rats fed a [15N]-labeled soy protein isolate (SPI). Although [15N]-SPI-derived nitrogen reached a plateau 2 hr after feeding, it accounted for only a half of the total nitrogen in the small intestine. 15N was confirmed that was normally transported to liver, kidney, spleen, and brain. The present study rev...

Das SPI-Modell dient zur Repräsentation von heterogenen eingebetteten Systemen. Basierend auf diesem Modell wurde in einem Forschungsverbund zwischen der TU Braunschweig, der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg und der ETH Zürich die systemweite Analyse und Optimierung eingebetteter Systeme untersucht und in der SPI-Workbench integriert. Besonderes Augenmerk wurde auf die domänenübergreifende Integra...

Agile software development has challenged the traditional ways of delivering software as it provides a very different approach to software development. In recent decades, software process improvement (SPI) has been widely studied in the context of traditional software development, and its strengths and weaknesses have been recognised. As organisations increasingly adopt agile software developme...

PU.1 (the Spi-1 oncogene) and Spi-B are closely related members of the ets transcription factor family, sharing similar DNA binding specificities mediated by similar DNA binding domains. PU.1 and Spi-B have been previously described as being predominantly expressed coordinately in macrophages and B cells, but their expression in early hematopoietic stages and during the course of myeloid differ...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of heat treatment and soybean oil inclusion on protein oxidation of soy protein isolate (SPI) and of oxidized protein on redox status of broilers at an early age. METHODS SPI mixed with soybean oil (SPIO) heated at 100°C for 8 h was used to evaluate protein oxidation of SPI. A total of two hundred and sixteen 1-day-old Arbor Acres ...

A symbol permutation invariant balanced (SPI-balanced) code over the alphabet Zm = {0, 1, . . . , m − 1} is a block code over Zm such that each alphabet symbol occurs as many times as any other symbol in every codeword. For this reason every permutation among the symbols of the alphabet changes a SPI-balanced code into a SPI-balanced code. This means that SPI-balanced words are “the most balanc...

Endogenous estrogens are important determinants of breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. In this study we evaluated the effects of dietary soy isoflavonoids on endogenous estrogen metabolism in a postmenopausal primate model. Ovariectomized female cynomolgus monkeys were randomized to receive one of three diets for 36 months: (i) isoflavonoid-depleted soy protein isolate (SPI-) (n = 29); ...