BACKGROUND American visceral leishmaniasis is caused by the protozoan Leishmania infantum. Dogs are the main reservoirs in the domestic transmission cycle. The limited accuracy of diagnostic tests for canine leishmaniasis may contribute to the lack of impact of control measures recommended by the Brazilian Ministry of Health. The objective of this study was to estimate the accuracy of two enzym...

An avirulent clone of Leishmania major was used to immunize susceptible BALB/c mice against challenge with virulent L. major. By using the immunized animals as a source of cells, CD4+ parasite-specific T-cell lines could be generated in vitro which, when adoptively transferred to naive BALB/c recipients, conferred marked protection against challenge with virulent L. major. Compared with CD4+ pa...

This study investigated whether Leishmania species, the etiologic agent of cutaneous (Leishmania major) and visceral (Leishmania donovani) leishmaniasis, could differentially elicit early inflammatory events in vivo correlating with the subsequent development of their reciprocal pathogenesis. By use of the murine air pouch system, injection of Leishmania led to a rapid and transient accumulatio...

There is no clear understanding of the outcome of reinfection in New World cutaneous leishmaniasis, and its role in the relationship to the development of protection or secondary disease. For this reason, reinfection experiments with homologous (Leishmania panamensis-L. panamensis) and heterologous (L. major-L. panamensis) species of leishmaniae were conducted in the hamster model. The differen...

The hydroalcoholic extracts of dried ligulate florets of Calendula officinalis L., dried leaves of Plantago major L., and dried aerial parts of Vinca major L. were prepared and used as the main active ingredients of two types of anti-anorectal disease ointments and suppositories. Benzocaine was used in one of the formulations, while a mixture of belladonna dry extract and ephedrine sulfate ...

background : the goal of this study was to know the identity of leishmania species responsible of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) in fars province, southern iran. methods : five counties of shiraz, firouz abad, ghir-karzin, farashband and larestan were pros-pected. forty-four patients exhibiting cutaneous lesions were selected. samples collected on skin le-sions were examined both microscopically ...

objective(s):cutaneous leishmaniasis is a common and endemic disease in khorasan province in north-east of iran. the pentavalant antimony (sb v) is the mainstay of treatment that has many side effects and resistance to the drug has been reported. the microbicidal effect of ozone was proven in different microorganisms. since there is no study in this respect and to achieve a low cost and effecti...

objective(s):to evaluate the effect of trinitroglycerin (tng) as nitric oxide donor agent on serum copper (cu) and zinc (zn) levels and liver enzymes in balb/c mice infected with leishmania major (l. major) mrho/ir/75/er. materials and methods: inbred female mice were divided into three groups: healthy group (uninfected naive mice), control group (infected with l. major), and test group (l. maj...