This paper demonstrates the development of indirect potable reuse (IPR) in the United States. A legislative review and a survey of plants show that IPR is becoming an integral part of water reclamation. Public resistance is the limiting factor to its development while technology is not.

• Using panel data covering 112 countries and 45 years, we study developing countries’ incentive to enforce IPR. We show that IPR enforcement is U-shaped in a country’s market size inverse-U-shaped the aggregated of its trade partners. The effect entirely driven by partners strongly next impact strengthening protection on innovation countries. find stronger negatively impacts patents export dis...

The importance of the effective dissemination and use of environmentally sound technologies (ESTs) is becoming more apparent in light of the rising profile of climate change mitigation in global political discourse and expectations that global energy consumption will continue to dramatically increase in the coming decades. ESTs are methods and sources for producing energy that reduce the emissi...

Advancing the rational design of main-group N-heterocyclic carbene complexes, this study reports the synthesis, X-ray crystallographic and NMR spectroscopic characterisation of a novel series of Ga complexes containing neutral or anionic NHC ligands using the unsaturated carbene IPr (IPr 1⁄4 1,3-bis(2,6-di-isopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene). Starting from normal adduct GaR3$IPr (1) (R 1⁄4 CH2S...

Despite the relevant findings on non-average information processing rate (IPR) indicators-intelligence relation, and on age-related changes of some of these indicators during aging, the research on sex-specific age-related changes of these indicators during childhood and adolescence are lacking. In a transversal study, 1197 school children (598 girls) aged 8-18 have been individually measured o...

in this paper an algorithm for computing the balaban and randic indices of any simple connected graph was introduced. also these indices were computed for ipr c80 fullerene isomers, zigzag nanotubes and graphene by gap program.

A reciprocal relationship has been documented between registering formal intellectual property rights (IPR), obtaining public grants, and undertaking publicly subsidised R&D innovation projects. Focusing on SMEs as key beneficiaries of such this paper provides an original conceptual framework to rationalise based the core criteria obtain successfully exploit both grants IPR. from several Eu...