Copyright: © 2013 Li W. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, D3) is one of the most important forms of vitamin D in human health [1-4]. There are two sources for human b...

Antioxidative mechanisms of vitamin D3 were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo. A 4-h incubation of brain homogenates at 37 degrees C increased the formation of Schiff base fluorescent products of malonaldehyde, an indicator of lipid peroxidation. Incubation with vitamin D3 dose-dependently suppressed auto-oxidation. The antioxidative potency for inhibiting zinc-induced lipid peroxidation was ...

Examination of dopamine-D3 (D3) receptors with positron emission tomography (PET) have been hampered in the past by the lack of a PET ligand with sufficient selectivity for D3 over dopamine-D2 (D2) receptors. The two types co-localize in the brain, with D2 density significantly higher than D3, hence nonselective PET ligands inform on D2, rather than D3 status. [(11)C]-(+)-PHNO is a novel PET li...

The cDNA for the dopamine D3 receptor was isolated and characterized in 1990. Subsequent studies have indicated that D3 receptors, as well as D3 receptor mRNA, are primarily localized in limbic regions in mammals. This finding led to the postulate that D3 receptors may be involved in drug dependence and addiction. However, this hypothesis has been difficult to test due to the lack of compounds ...

Background & Aims: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) comprises 25(OH)D3 and 25(OH)D2. Although sex differences in 25(OH)D levels have been reported, it remains unclear whether the difference lies profiles of 25(OH)D. We determined serum 25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (3-epi-25(OH)D3), (24R)-24,25-dihydroxyvitamin (24,25(OH)2D3) measured by LC-MS/MS healthy adults not consuming...

There are numerous scientific studies on vitamin D3 reported to have many important roles viz. in bone metabolism, osteoporosis, immunity, and useful in several diseases, e.g., cancers, cardio-vascular, and neurodegenerative diseases. Surprisingly, there is little information available about the concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 in the blood, which is the best indicator of vitamin D3 status...

The 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] is the physiologically active form of vitamin D3 that inhibits proliferation and induces differentiation of a variety of malignant cells. We evaluated a newly synthesized vitamin D3 analogue [1,25(OH)2-16-ene-5,6-trans-D3 (Ro 25-4020)] that has a novel 5,6-trans motif. Dose-response studies showed that 1,25(OH)2-16-ene-5,6-trans-D3 had 10-100-fold grea...