Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) and reed canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) were pretreated under ambient temperature and pressure with sulfuric acid and calcium hydroxide in separate experiments. Chemical loadings from 0 to 100g (kg DM)(-1) and durations of anaerobic storage from 0 to 180days were investigated by way of a central composite design at two moisture contents (40% or 60% w.b.)...

BACKGROUND While advantages of biofuel have been widely reported, studies also highlight the challenges in large scale production of biofuel. Cost of ethanol and process energy use in cellulosic ethanol plants are dependent on technologies used for conversion of feedstock. Process modeling can aid in identifying techno-economic bottlenecks in a production process. A comprehensive techno-economi...

Several recent studies have indicated that an enriched atmosphere of carbon dioxide (CO2) could exacerbate the intensity of plant invasions within natural ecosystems, but little is known of how rising CO2 impacts the belowground characteristics of these invaded systems. In this study, we examined the effects of elevated CO2 and nitrogen (N) inputs on plant and soil microbial community character...

Cultivation of energy crops is a part modern agriculture. In particular, maize (Zea mays L.) widely grown in central Europe. However, terms erosion risk and high demands on fertilization protection against diseases pests, its growing not environmentally friendly. Therefore, possibilities utilization other more friendly have been examined at present. The aim the study was to evaluate effects var...

Abstract The lack of turfgrass diversity in cool‐season sod production is related to information inefficiencies, such as the agronomic available on improved, low‐input species, fine fescues ( Festuca spp.). Collaborative research between Purdue University and Minnesota investigated influence species mixtures harvest (production strength) storage limitations sod. Field experiments were establish...