Here L t , P t , and At are the number of feeding larvae. pupae, and non-feeding larvae, and adults. respectively, at time t; the unit of time is taken to be the feeding larval maturation period so that after one unit of time, a larva either dies or survives and pupates. This unit of time is also the time spent as a non-feeding larva, pupa and callow (young adult). b is a positive constant desc...

BACKGROUND Area-wide integrated pest management strategies that include a sterile insect technique component have been successfully used to eradicate tsetse fly populations in the past. To ensure the success of the sterile insect technique, the released males must be adequately sterile and be able to compete with their native counterparts in the wild. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In the pre...

Implementation of the sterile insect technique for tsetse (Glossina spp.) requires that only sterile male insects be released; thus, at some stage of the fly production process the females have to be removed. A further constraint in the use of the sterile insect technique for tsetse is that the females are needed for colony production and hence, a non-destructive method of sex separation is req...

What is Nasonia? A small (2–3 mm) parasitoid wasp that oviposits in the pupae of flies (but not those of Drosophila!). This hymenopteran occurs naturally in bird nests and at carcasses. Three species are known: the cosmopolitan N. vitripennis and two endemic North American species, N. giraulti and N. longicornis. Nasonia is extremely easy to culture on commercially available host pupae, it has ...

-1. Wing epidermis from diapausing and non-diapausing silkmoths (Antheraea pernyi) was assayed for NADH [nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (reduced form)] oxidase, NADHand succinate-cyctochrome c reductases, and cytochrome c oxidase. 2. Diapausing pupae showed a marked decline in activities after pupation and the same subsequent profile of very low activities reported for diapausing Cecropia si...

Methods employed by Australian quarantine officers to control Aedes mosquitoes in containers were tested against all stages of Aedes aegypti. Saltwater emersion killed all larvae but not pupae or eggs that were briefly exposed. Swimming pool chlorine, methyl bromide fumigation, and permethrin (2% active ingredient) spray provided 100% mortality of eggs, larvae, and pupae. Aerosol sprays incorpo...

The genus Harnischia Kieffer, 1921 from China is reviewed and one new species, Harnischia parallela Yan & Wang, sp. n., is described and illustrated as adult male. Harnischia okilurida Sasa is recognized as a new synonym of Harnischia longispuria Wang & Zheng. The pupae of Harnischia fuscimana Kieffer and Harnischia curtilamellata Malloch are redescribed from material collected in China, and an...

Phosphine fumigations under superatmospheric oxygen levels (oxygenated phosphine fumigations) were significantly more effective than the fumigations under the normal 20.9% atmospheric oxygen level against western flower thrips [Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande)] adults and larvae, leafminer Liriomyza langei Frick pupae, grape mealybug [Pseudococcus maritimus (Ehrhorn)] eggs, and Indianmeal ...

Laboratory studies were conducted to determine the effect of temperature and cold storage on the performance of Tetrastichus brontispae (Ferriere) (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), one of the major endoparasitoids against coconut hispine beetle, Brontispa longissima (Gestro) (Coleptera: Chrysomelidae). The results revealed that T. brontispae could successfully parasitize host pupae under all seven tes...

Laboratory, greenhouse and field studies were conducted on Oomyzus sokolowskii Kurdjumov, a parasite of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), to judge its suitability for introduction in the field to control the plutellid. Oomyzus sokolowskii preferred the third and fourth instar diamondback moth larvae over fresh pupae for parasitization. It is thus a larval parasite. Within the range of...