In this paper, we review some basic definitions and properties of FIR filters. We also discusses different types of realizations of digital FIR filters and their uses in some typical applications. We then present some basic building blocks for SC filters. Of particular interest are static and dynamic memory SC circuits, based on SC integrators. These building blocks are the basis for many types...

By Chee Sing Lee, Sharad Nagappa, Narcis Palomeras, Daniel E. Clark, and Joaquim Salvi An Underwater Vehicle Application T he random finite-set formulation for multiobject estimation provides a means of estimating the number of objects in cluttered environments with missed detections within a unified probabilistic framework. This methodology is now becoming the dominant mathematical framework w...

A cascade of neuronal signals precedes each saccadic eye movement to targets in the visual scene. In the cerebral cortex, this neuronal processing culminates in the frontal eye field (FEF), where neurons have bursts of activity before the saccade. This presaccadic activity is typically considered to drive downstream activity in the intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (SC), which rece...

The conformation of abnormal prion protein (PrP(Sc)) differs from that of cellular prion protein (PrP(C)), but the precise characteristics of PrP(Sc) remain to be elucidated. To clarify the properties of native PrP(Sc), we attempted to generate novel PrP(Sc)-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) by immunizing PrP-deficient mice with intact PrP(Sc) purified from bovine spongiform encephalopathy ...

PURPOSE To compare three methods of Schlemm's canal (SC) cross-sectional area (CSA) measurement. METHODS Ten eyes (10 healthy volunteers) were imaged three times using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Cirrus HD-OCT, Zeiss, Dublin, California, USA). Aqueous outflow vascular structures and SC collector channel ostia were used as landmarks to identify a reference location within the...

Satellite cells (SC) are essential for skeletal muscle growth and repair. Because sarcopenia is associated with type II muscle fiber atrophy, we hypothesized that SC content is specifically reduced in the type II fibers in the elderly. A total of eight elderly (E; 76 +/- 1 yr) and eight young (Y; 20 +/- 1 yr) healthy males were selected. Muscle biopsies were collected from the vastus lateralis ...

This study focuses on determining the relationship between parents' step count (SC) and screen time (ST) and children's SC and ST on weekdays and at weekends. The participants (278 parents aged 30-45 and their 194 children aged 4-7) were recruited from 10 randomly selected Czech kindergartens. The participants recorded SC and ST duration over a week-long monitoring (≥8 h/day) during September-O...

Carbon-layered double hydroxide nanocomposite with surface area 758–477 m2 g−1 shows efficient removal of As(v), F−, Fe(ii)/Fe(iii), MB and MO.

Objectives To assess whether quantitative spinal cord MRI (SC-MRI) measures, including atrophy, and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetization transfer imaging metrics were different in radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS) vs healthy controls (HCs). Methods Twenty-four participants with RIS and 14 HCs underwent cervical SC-MRI on a 3T magnet. Manually segmented regions of interest cir...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of subcutaneous (SC) tocilizumab (TCZ) versus intravenous (IV) TCZ, including switching formulations, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and inadequate response to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). METHODS Patients (n=1262) were randomised 1:1 to receive TCZ-SC 162 mg weekly (qw)+placebo-IV every four weeks (q4w) o...