A new AFM system was designed for the establishment of a standard technique of nano-length measurement in a 2D plane. In a long range (about several tens of micrometers), measurement uncertainty is dominantly affected by the Abbe error of the XY scanning stage. No linear stage is perfectly straight; in other words, every scanning stage is subject to tilting, pitch and yaw motions. In this paper...

46, XY complete gonadal dysgenesis (Swyer syndrome) is a rare cause of 46, XY sexual development disorder. The patient presented to our clinic with absence of breast development and lack of periods at the age of 17 years. Her history and familial history involved no relevant conditions. She had Tanner stage 1 thelarche, and Tanner stage 2 pubic hair development with no axillary hair development...

A 160 kb minimal common region in Xp21 has been determined as the cause of XY gonadal dysgenesis, if duplicated. The region contains the MAGEB genes and the NR0B1 gene; this is the candidate for gonadal dysgenesis if overexpressed. Most patients present gonadal dysgenesis within a more complex phenotype. However, few independent cases have recently been described presenting with isolated XY gon...

The testes of fetal, prepuberal and adult XX----XY chimaeras were examined using in situ hybridisation to identify the beta-globin transgenic marker contained in one component of each chimaera. This enabled the proportion of XX and XY cells contributing to the major cell lineages of the testis to be estimated from sectioned and air-dried material. A few XX Sertoli cells were found in all three ...

Radial-velocity measurements and sine-curve fits to the orbital radial velocity variations are presented for ten close binary systems: OO Aql, CC Com, V345 Gem, XY Leo, AM Leo, V1010 Oph, V2612 Oph, XX Sex, W UMa, and XY UMa. Most of these binaries have been observed spectroscopically before, but our data are of higher quality and consistency than in the previous studies. While most of the stud...

The rapid and reliable detection of oil contaminants is crucial importance for environmental protection. This paper focused on the classification identification six types using unconventional steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with XY-fused networks (XY-Fs). excitation emission matrix (EEMF) spectroscopy, synchronous (SFS) total (TSFS) samples were measured by a FS920 spectrometer. ...

In this article, the correlated basis-function (CBF) method is applied for the first time to the quantum spin-half XY model on the linear chain, the square lattice, and the simple cubic lattice. In this treatment of the quantum spin-half XY model a Jastrow ansatz is utilised to approximate the ground-state wave function. Results for the ground-state energy and the sublattice magnetisation are p...

At low temperatures, the thermal conductivity of spin excitations in a magnetic insulator can exceed that of phonons. However, because they are charge neutral, the spin waves are not expected to display a thermal Hall effect. However, in the kagome lattice, theory predicts that the Berry curvature leads to a thermal Hall conductivity κ(xy). Here we report observation of a large κ(xy) in the kag...

Complete sex reversal of fish is accomplished routinely in aquaculture practices by exposing fish to exogenous sex steroids during gonadal differentiation. A variety of environmental chemicals are also active at sex steroid receptors and theoretically possess the potential to alter normal sexual differentiation in fish. However, in controlled environmental chemical exposures to date, only parti...

Genetic marker-based estimators remain a popular tool for measuring relatedness (r xy ) and inbreeding (F) coefficients at both the population and individual level. The performance of these estimators fluctuates with the number and variability of markers available, and the relatedness composition and demographic history of a population. Several methods are available to evaluate the reliability ...