The present study investigated the digestion and cholesterol-lowering effects of the water-soluble NSP guar gum (GG) and sodium alginate (SA) in laboratory animals. Groups of five male Wistar strain rats were fed semi-purified cholesterol-free diets containing 0, 50 or 100 g NSP source/kg for 21 d which comprised a 14-d adaptation period followed by a 7-d balance period. Weight gain over the ba...

Obese Zucker rats have a narrower and more collapsible upper airway compared with lean controls, similar to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients. Genioglossus (GG) muscle activity is augmented in awake OSA patients to compensate for airway narrowing, but the neural control of GG activity in obese Zucker rats has not been investigated to determine whether such neuromuscular compensation also o...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Bacteroides vulgatus induces colitis in gnotobiotic HLA-B27 transgenic (TG) rats while broad spectrum antibiotics prevent and treat colitis in specific pathogen free (SPF) TG rats although disease recurs after treatment ends. Lactobacilli treat human pouchitis and experimental colitis. We investigated if Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (L GG) can prevent colitis in TG rats monoas...

Increasing either genioglossus muscle activity (GG) or end-expiratory lung volume (EELV) improves airway patency but not sufficiently for adequate treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in most patients. The mechanisms by which these variables alter airway collapsibility likely differ, with increased GG causing airway dilation, whereas increased EELV may stiffen the airway walls through cau...

Cottage cheese was produced from reconstituted skimmed milk powder Fer­ mentation of skim milk with approximately 11.16% total solids was performed at 22 °C with 0,5% mesophilic starter culture, "O" type (DVS, Chr Hansen's Lab), without rennet addition. Dry Cottage cheese samples contained an average 21,32% total solids; 17.85%) proteins; 0.75%) ash; and 90.33 mg Ca/lOOg. The Cottage cheese pro...

GG Tau is an ideal system for studying the structure of a circumbinary disk. Separated by 0.0025 (35 AU at d=140pc; Ghez et al. 1993, AJ 106), the stellar components of the binary are surrounded by a massive disk. Originally detected through thermal dust emission at millimeter wavelengths (Dutrey et al. 1994, A&A 286; Guilloteau et al. 1999, A&A in press), the disk was subsequently imaged in sc...

Aim: This study aimed to compare the heart rate (HR) values and technical actions frequencies during small-sided (SSG) generic (GG) games in women futsal players. Methods: Six players (age: 20.5 ± 7.4 years, height: 163.3 16 cm, body mass: 57.9 22 kg, maximum of oxygen consumption (VO2max): 42.0 9 mL.kg.min−1) performed two experimental conditions days separated for at least 72h interval: (1) o...

Let Gg,b be the set of all uni/trivalent graphs representing the combinatorial structures of pant decompositions of the oriented surface ⌃g,b of genus g with b boundary components. We describe the set Ag,b of all automorphisms of graphs in Gg,b showing that, up to suitable moves changing the graph within Gg,b, any such automorphism can be reduced to elementary switches of adjacent edges.

Background The aging process leads to a potential decline in immune function and adversely affects the gut microbiota. To date, many in vitro and in vivo studies focused on the application of synbiotics (prebiotics combined with probiotics) as a promising dietary approach to affect gut microbiota composition and improved functioning of the immune system. However, studies using synbiotic prepara...

Glycosylglycerols are powerful osmolytes, produced by various plants, algae and bacteria in adaptation to salt stress and drought. Among them, glucosylglycerol (2-O-a-D-glucopyranosyl-sn-glycerol; GG) has attracted special attention for its promising application as a moisturizing agent in cosmetics. A biocatalytic process for the synthesis of GG as industrial fine chemical is described in which...