Despite the widespread use of the nociceptive flexion reflex (NFR) paradigm in clinical and experimental pain research, there is currently no consensus on how best to define NFR threshold. Accordingly, the present studies were designed to assess the accuracy and reliability of different NFR threshold scoring criteria. Study 1 compared 13 scoring criteria in their accuracy for identifying the pr...

This study is devoted to the formulation of the network design problem of one-way streets and the application of simulated annealing (SA) algorithm to solve this problem for a large real network. It discusses some points of views on one-way street networks, the objective function used for design, the way in which design constraints may be considered, and the traffic problems concerning one-way ...

The unit sphere, centered at the origin in R, has a dense set of points with rational coordinates. We give an elementary proof of this fact that includes explicit bounds on the complexity of the coordinates: for every point v on the unit sphere in R, and every > 0, there is a point r = (r1, r2, . . . , rn) such that: • ||r− v||∞ < . • r is also a point on the unit sphere; P r i = 1. • r has rat...

A comparative study on regional traditional healing and community wellness provision in collaboration with traditional healers was conducted in three distinct ecological regions in the southern Western Ghats, India. The study led to the collection of data, from fourteen healers, on their healing systems, local afflictions and modes of treatment, community roles of healers, and adaptations of th...

Let X be a smooth double cover of a geometrically ruled surface defined over a separably closed field of characteristic different from 2. The main result of this paper is a finite presentation of the 2-torsion in the Brauer group of X with generators given by central simple algebras over the function field of X and relations coming from the NéronSeveri group of X. In particular, the result give...

Invasive procedures, such as surgery and acupuncture, are likely better than the others in terms of eliciting placebo analgesia. Understanding how invasive procedures can elicit enhanced placebo responses may provide new insights into mechanisms underlying placebo analgesia. In this essay, it is argued that sensory, cognitive and emotional factors are major determinants of the magnitude of plac...