showed that the use of a degradable organic carbon fraction (DOCf) value of 0.54, in accordance with the default value for DOCf of 0.50 in the latest IPCC model, gave an emission estimate similar to the official national reports.

هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف تعیین نقش تعاملی خود­شفقت ­ورزی زوجین در تنظیم شناختی هیجان خود و همسر به روش مدل­سازی وابستگی متقابل عامل-شریک انجام شد. روش: از نوع توصیفی_همبستگی مدل­ یابی معادلات ساختاری بود. جامعه آماری شامل کلیه ساکن شهر تهران سال 1399 بود که بین آن‌ها 167 زوج (334 شرکت ­کننده) نمونه­ گیری دردسترس ­عنوان نمونه انتخاب برای گرداوری داده­ ها پرسشنامه راهبردهای تنظیم­ هیجان_فرم کوتاه گ...

هدف: بر اساس مطالعه، بسیاری از دانشجویان، سال اول دانشگاه را یکی دوره‌های زمانی پراسترس و چالش‌زای زندگی می‌دانند قادر به سازگاری مناسب با آن نیستند. مطالعه حاضر هدف شناسایی تجارب زیسته دانشجویان پایین در خصوص مشکلات چالش‌های انجام شد. روش: روش پژوهش کیفی نوع پدیدارشناسی بود. داده‌ها استفاده مصاحبه نیمه ساختاریافته جمع‌آوری شد رویکرد 7 مرحله‌ای کلایزی مورد تجزیه تحلیل قرار گرفت. جامعه کلیه آزاد...

Since the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) was formed in 1988, it has engaged a substantial proportion of those individuals with relevant scientific expertise in the process of forming reasonable judgments about the effects of aggregate human activity on the composition of the earth’s atmosphere and about the resulting implications for global climate. It is now widely agreed tha...

The Planck feedback parameter λ0 is the most fundamental quantity in the theory of global warming, because the surface temperature change ∆Ts,0 is calculated by— (radiative forcing due to CO2 doubling)/λ0 in the absence of feedbacks other than that of surface temperature change. The following three groups of Planck feedback parameters are found in the literature depending on the choice of tempe...

This paper estimates methane emissions from solid waste disposal sites in Panama for years 1990-2020 using both the 2006 IPCC Waste Model spreadsheet and the default emissions estimate approach presented in the 1996 IPCC Good Practice Guidelines. The IPCC Waste Model has the ability to calculate emissions from a variety of solid waste disposal site types, taking into account countryor region-sp...

The concept of climate sensitivity has more than a century of history. According to this concept, a change in the global near-surface air temperature of the Earth, T , due to external disturbance of the Earth’s energy balance, can be linearly related to a change in the net radiation at some level in the atmosphere, F. Thus,
T F, where is the climate sensitivity. By doubling the pre-industrial ...

The way the Alpine environment will evolve in the 21 st century depends upon climate change. This could lead to climates never before seen in the Alps, resulting in a major and lasting environmental crisis. In the face of these challenges, funding is still insufficient for specialised research on mountain environments. State funding often prioritises polar research at the expense of high altitu...