Many human cancer cells are sensitive to killing by the proapoptotic ligand TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which is under study for cancer treatment in clinical trials. The TRAIL receptor (TRAIL-R1; also known as death receptor 4) is a transmembrane receptor that mediates TRAIL-induced apoptosis in cancer cells. In this study, we show that retinoids sensitize cancer cells to TRA...

Pyocin R1, a bacteriocin of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, inhibited active transport of proline in the presence of high concentrations of malate and magnesium salt. Pyocin R1 did not affect the respiration of sensitive cells nor induce cell lysis, but it caused a decrease in the intracellular ATP level. In addition, a passive inflow of [14C]thiocyanate anion, a probe of membrane potential, was induce...

We consider the problem of rover relocalization in context notional Mars Sample Return campaign. In this campaign, a (R1) needs to be capable autonomously navigating and localizing itself within an area approximately 50 ×50 m using reference images collected years earlier by another (R0). propose visual localizer that exhibits robustness relatively barren terrain we expect find relevant areas, ...

Background In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF) have been reported and these may be used as proxy for measuring treatment efficacy or progression. The gold standard technique CBF is [15O]H2O positron emission tomography (PET). Recent studies, however, high correlations between [11C]PiB PET derived relative tracer delivery rate R 1 CBF, suggesting that a good of C...

aim : to evaluate the effect of active t. gondii tachyzoites and its products on the gene expression level of ifn-yr1 and ifn-yr2 in a murine model.   background : many studies have shown that the parasite toxoplasma gondii utilizes different mechanisms to inhibit the function of ifn-?, but the parasite effect on the function of ifn-yr1 and ifn-yr2 is still unclear. patients and methods : toxop...

If P is a polydisk with radii R1 ≤ ... ≤ Rn and P ′ is a polydisk with radii R 1 ≤ ... ≤ R n , then we prove that P symplectically embeds in P ′ provided that C(n)R1 ≤ R′1 and C(n)R1...Rn ≤ R ′ 1 ...R n . Up to a constant factor, these conditions are optimal.

This research identified sleep promoting R1 neurons on Drosophila ellipsoid body, but did not locate PPM3 neurons as upstream signal input in this sleep promoting R1 neural circuit. Two GAL4 labeled R1 neuron lines, VT058968-GAL4 and R28E01-GAL4, were selected and identified as sleep promoting ellipsoid body neurons, by utilizing Drosophila heat activated transient receptor ion channel, dTRPA1,...

Adrenal steroidogenesis is under a complex regulation involving extrinsic and intrinsic adrenal factors. TNF-α is an inflammatory cytokine produced in response to tissue injury and several other stimuli. We have previously demonstrated that TNF-R1 knockout (TNF-R1(-/-)) mice have a dysregulated synthesis of glucocorticoids (GCs) during Trypanosoma cruzi acute infection. Since TNF-α may influenc...