Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is believed to be a highly specific marker for normal and cancerous prostatic tissue. We recently found that 30-40% of breast tumors produce PSA. Other data from our group suggest that normal breast can also produce PSA under conditions of stimulation by steroid hormones. In addition, we detected PSA in amniotic fluid. Here we report the presence of PSA in breast...

with inhibitors such as a1-protease inhibitor and protein C (4, 11, 12 ). A changed glycation of the PSA forms occurs in the presence of prostate carcinoma and could be the reason for the change of the complex formation of PSA with various proteinase inhibitors (13 ). Thus, these minor PSA complexes produce such concentrations in PCa patients that the above mentioned gap appears. Other possible...

BACKGROUND Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an important marker for the diagnosis and management of prostate cancer, and the free PSA/total PSA ratio has been shown to be efficient for distinguishing prostate cancer from benign prostatic hyperplasia. We report here the characterization of seven mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and the partial localization of two conformational epitopes iden...

Like other countries, Japan is recording a rapid increase in the incidence of prostate cancer. The use of serum PSA (prostate specific antigen) measurement as a blood marker for prostate cancer has become widespread. Higher levels of PSA are associated with a higher probability of a diagnosis of prostate cancer. Needle biopsies detect prostate cancer in 20–30% of cases with PSA levels of 4.1–10...

BACKGROUND The recent elucidation of the importance of serological free prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer has created a demand for immunoassays specific for free PSA. METHODS We developed and characterized 11 monoclonal antibodies with high affinities for PSA (Ka values from 1.1 x 10(8) to 1.8 x 10(10)L/mol), only 3 of which cross-react with human glandular k...

BACKGROUND Circulating prostate cells can be detected with a reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assay for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) mRNA. We have developed a new quantitative RT-PCR method for measuring PSA mRNA. METHODS The method uses a PSA-like internal standard (IS) mRNA that is added into the sample at the beginning of the RNA extraction and coamplified by RT-PCR with the PSA in th...

Background: Because total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and, more recently, the percent free PSA are used to screen men for prostate cancer, population-based, ageand racespecific distributions are needed of both PSA tests among American men to estimate the effect of lowering the PSA threshold or widespread introduction of the free PSA test as an additional screening test. Methods: We did PSA ...

Human prostate-specific antigen (PSA) has been shown as an aid in the early detection of prostate cancer (W. J. Catalona et al., J. Am. Med. Assoc., 270: 948-954, 1993) and was approved in 1994 by the Food and Drug Administration for early detection of prostate cancer. Immunotherapies directed against PSA have been suggested in patients with metastatic prostate cancer. One of the essential ques...

RATIONALE Anti-CCP antibodies are detectable not only in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but also in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). It is possible those anti-CCP antibodies are associated with features of PsA and that these auto-antibodies are useful in distinguishing PsA from RA. OBJECTIVE to evaluate the prevalence and the associations of anti-CCP antibodies in PsA patients; to evaluate the usefulne...