Urgency is the core symptom of the overactive bladder symptom complex, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Clinical findings have led to the assumption that bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) caused by benign prostatic enlargement (BPE) induces storage symptoms and detrusor overactivity. Presumably, BOO by BPE accounts for urgency; however, urgency is not always caused by BOO....

Urodynamic tests are the standard diagnostic method for lower urinary tract dysfunctions (LUTD). However, these tests are invasive. The current review describes the noninvasive imaging techniques that have been used to monitor LUTD. The main imaging technologies that have been applied in diagnosing LUTD were 2D ultrasonography, Doppler ultrasonography, and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Ult...

PURPOSE To identify the prevalence and clinical features of detrusor underactivity (DU) in elderly men and women presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). MATERIALS AND METHODS We reviewed 1,179 patients aged over 65 years who had undergone a urodynamic study for LUTS with no neurological or anatomical conditions. DU was defined as a bladder contractility index <100 and a maximal f...

In this chapter, we report the concept and results of an empirical study that explored the effects of immersion and pictorial realism on the sense of presence in a virtual environment (VE). The VE used was similar to a typical industrial application. Seventy-seven participants each experienced one of four settings with varied combinations of immersion and pictorial realism, displayed in a proje...

‎let $r$ be a ring with involution $*$‎. ‎an additive mapping $t:rto r$ is called a left(respectively right) centralizer if $t(xy)=t(x)y$ (respectively $t(xy)=xt(y)$) for all $x,yin r$‎. ‎the purpose of this paper is to examine the commutativity of prime rings with involution satisfying certain identities involving left centralizers.

Background: Bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) is a clinical condition that characterized by impediment to the flow of urine. It affects all age groups with varying etiologies. The pattern this in our setting unknown. This study aimed at determines clinico-epidemiological BOO southwestern Nigeria. Method: We retrospectively reviewed case files patients were managed for over period 10years center....

PROGRESS REPORT OF REDTOL: THE RED ALGAL TREE OF LIFE Yoon, H. S. Sungkyunkwan University, Republic Of Korea, [email protected] Bhattacharya, D. Rutgers University, USA, [email protected] Boo, S. M. Chungnam National University, Republic Of Korea, [email protected] Fredericq, S. University of Louisiana at Lafayette, USA, [email protected] Hommersand, M. University of North Caro...

Subbarao and Andrews have observed that the combinatorial technique used by F. Franklin to prove Eulers famous partition identity (l-x)(l-x)(l-x)(l-x*) ••• = 1-x-x +x +x -x -x + ••• can be applied to prove the more general formula l-x-xy(l-xy) -xy(±-xy)(±-xy) xy (1 xy) (1 xy) (1 xy) = 1 -x-xy+xy+xy -xy -xy + • •• which reduces to Eulers when y = 1. This note shows that several finite versions o...

of Dissertation Presented to the Graduate School of the University of Florida in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy OPTIMIZATION METHODS IN INTENSITY MODULATED RADIATION THERAPY TREATMENT PLANNING By Dionne M. Aleman December 2007 Chair: H. Edwin Romeijn Major: Industrial and Systems Engineering The design of a treatment plan for intensity modulated r...

It is impossible to have quantum Hall effect without breaking the time-reversal symmetry. xy  xy. If we want xy to be invariant under , xy  xy, xy must be zero. Q: Can we have other type of topological insulators, in the presence of -symmetry? By saying topological insulator, I mean an insulator with a protected metallic edge. By protected, I mean no matter what we do, we cannot tu...