For the safety problem of heavy duty vehicles running on long downhill sections, a model was built for the application of engine brake and service brake combination based on test results. And a model of brake temperature rise for heavy duty vehicles running on long downhill sections was also established. For different braking modes, gear positions, speed and downhill slopes, brake temperature r...

PREMISE OF THE STUDY Not all ferns grow in moist, shaded habitats; some lineages thrive in exposed, seasonally dry environments. Notholaenids are a clade of xeric-adapted ferns commonly characterized by the presence of a waxy exudate, called farina, on the undersides of their leaves. Although some other lineages of cheilanthoid ferns also have farinose sporophytes, previous studies suggested th...

We compared four methods to extract arsenic (As) from three different plants containing different As levels for As speciation with the goal of developing a more efficient method, i.e., As-hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata at 459-7714mgkg(-1), rice seedling at 53.4-574mgkg(-1), and tobacco leaf at 0.32-0.35mgkg(-1). The four methods included heating with dilute HNO3, and sonication with phosphate ...

The sporophyte of the fern Pteris vittata is known to hyperaccumulate arsenic (As) in its fronds to >1% of its dry weight. Hyperaccumulation of As by plants has been identified as a valuable trait for the development of a practical phytoremediation processes for removal of this potentially toxic trace element from the environment. However, because the sporophyte of P. vittata is a slow growing ...

Microelectrodes were passed through the dorsal hippocampal formation of unrestrained rats, recording for at least 5 min each 35.3 pm. At each site the amplitude and duration of action potential spikes, frequency of firing, relation to slow wave theta rhythm, and presence of complex spikes or theta cells was recorded. One thousand and fourteen neurons were recorded from. (When recording from man...

– We present updated accounts on the status and distribution of all known species of freshwater turtles in the Philippines, including information on taxonomy, natural history, exploitation, and conservation status. Six species of native nonmarine turtles (Dogania subplana, Pelochelys cantorii, Cuora amboinensis, Cyclemys dentata, Heosemys spinosa, and Siebenrockiella leytensis) are recognized f...

Consistent with the limited dispersal capacity of most troglobitic animals, almost all Lucifuga cavefish species have very narrow geographic distribution in Cuba. However, one species, L. dentata, has a wide but disjointed distribution over 300 km in the west of the island. In order to estimate the relative role of vicariance and dispersal in the unexpected L. dentata distribution, we obtained ...

Course and distribution information on arteries in the rat rhinencephalon was not found in the literature. Such data are useful for designing experiments and interpreting findings, tracing nerve fibers on or to intracerebral vessels, and in considering routes for diffusion or transport of intracerebral injected agents. Adult rats were perfused with silicone rubber and many brains were cleared i...