Abstract With its increasing record length and subsequent reduction in influence of shorter-term variability on measured trends, satellite altimeter measurements sea level provide an opportunity to assess near-term rise. Here, we use gridded created from the network altimeters tandem with tide gauge observations produce observation-based trajectories rise along coastlines United States now unti...

The Gaofen-7 (GF-7) satellite system adds a footprint camera that shares the same optical path as its laser altimeter to ensure consistent spatial referencing between point and obtained images. However, this introduces additional errors two different loads while ensuring geometric relations of camera. First, accuracy error analyses are carried out based on working mode GF-7 in study. A rigorous...

The Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA), developed for the 2009 Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) mission, is designed to measure the Moon's topography via laser ranging. A description of the LOLA optical system and its measured optical performance during instrument-level and spacecraft-level integration and testing are presented.

Industrial districts became important instruments which are used by the Public Power to induce economic decentralization and create new development poles. For this reason the legislative process is an indispensable means to define the priorities in the uses of soil, also to conduct and follow the process of industrial registration. However, the industrial district establishment shall not be ana...

[1] A decade-long satellite altimeter data set is used to analyze the annual variations in the sea surface height (SSH) field northeast of the Hawaiian Islands. The annual harmonic amplitudes for the SSH and the along-island geostrophic flow are 2–4 cm and 2–4 cm s , respectively. Although these values are an order of magnitude smaller than the regional mesoscale eddy signals, the annual SSH si...

Comparison of ice discharge from higher elevation areas of the entire Greenland Ice Sheet with total snow accumulation gives estimates of ice thickening rates over the past few decades. On average, the region has been in balance, but with thickening of 21 centimeters per year in the southwest and thinning of 30 centimeters per year in the southeast. The north of the ice sheet shows less variabi...

A 3200-kilometers-long profile of Mercury by the Mercury Laser Altimeter on the MESSENGER spacecraft spans approximately 20% of the near-equatorial region of the planet. Topography along the profile is characterized by a 5.2-kilometer dynamic range and 930-meter root-mean-square roughness. At long wavelengths, topography slopes eastward by 0.02 degrees , implying a variation of equatorial shape...

[1] The world’s oceans can potentially be used as an extended target for achieving a radiometric calibration of space borne lidar if the reflective properties of the surface can be accurately predicted from available environmental data such as wind speed. To test current understanding of ocean reflectance we compare surface pulse returns measured with the 1064 nm altimetry channel of the Geosci...