Urban expansion has significant effects on forest loss and fragmentation. Previous studies mostly focused on how the amount of developed land affected forest loss and fragmentation, but neglected the impacts of its spatial pattern. This paper examines the effects of both the amount and spatial pattern of urban expansion on forest loss and fragmentation. We conducted a comparison study in the si...

Pei Chen1, Xiucong Sun2, and Chao Han3 Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China Nomenclature U = gravitational potential, m2/s2 T = gravity gradient tensor (GGT), E TECEF = GGT in ECEF, E TENU = GGT in ENU, E TEIG = GGT in the Eigen frame, E T0 = GGT in GRF, E LA→B = rotation matrix from A to B r = observation position, m x, y, z = cartesian coordinates of r r, φ, λ = sph...

for all f ∈ H . The constant A (respectively, B) is a lower (resp. upper) frame bound for the frame. One of the most important frames for applications, especially signal processing, are the Weyl-Heisenberg frames. For g ∈ L(R) we define the translation parameter a > 0 and the modulation parameter b > 0 by: Embg(t) = e , Tnag(t) = g(t− na). For g ∈ L(R) and a, b > 0, we say for short that (g, a,...

WOLED is widely used as lighting for high efficacy and little power consumption. In this research, power factor testing between WOLED and fluorescent lamp to see which one is more efficient in consuming energy. Since both lamps use semiconductor components, so calculation of the power factor need to consider the effects of harmonics. Harmonic make bigger losses. The study is conducted by compar...

Oversampled filter banks can be used to enhance resilience to erasures in communication systems in much the same way that finite-dimensional frames have previously been applied. This paper extends previous finite dimensional treatments to frames and signals in l2(Z) with frame expansions that can be implemented efficiently with filter banks. It is shown that tight frames attain best performance...

Spectral lag, which is defined as the difference in time of arrival of high and low energy photons, is a common feature in Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs). Previous investigations have shown a correlation between this lag and the isotropic peak luminosity for long duration bursts. However, most of the previous investigations used lags extracted in the observer-frame only. In this work (based on a sampl...

Let (gna,mb)n,m∈Z be a Gabor frame for L (R) for given window g. We show that the window h0 = S− 1 2 g that generates the canonically associated tight Gabor frame minimizes ‖g − h‖ among all windows h generating a normalized tight Gabor frame. We present and prove versions of this result in the time domain, the frequency domain, the time-frequency domain, and the Zak transform domain, where in ...

The ego-motion of a moving RGB-Z sensor is computed using combined range flow and optical flow pixel constraints. The emphasis of the work is on computationally cheap yet accurate estimation of inter-frame translation and rotation parameters using a linear small rotation model. To ensure accurate inter-frame motion estimates, an iterative form of the estimator is developed which repeatedly warp...

in this paper we introduce and study besselian $g$-frames. we show that the kernel of associated synthesis operator for a besselian $g$-frame is finite dimensional. we also introduce $alpha$-dual of a $g$-frame and we get some results when we use the hilbert-schmidt norm for the members of a $g$-frame in a finite dimensional hilbert space.