Abstract. Photooxidation of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produces condensable oxidized organics (COOs) to yield secondary aerosol (SOA), but the fundamental chemical mechanism for gas-to-particle conversion remains uncertain. Here we elucidate production COOs and their roles in SOA brown carbon (BrC) formation from m-xylene oxidation by simultaneously monitoring evolution gas-phase product...

Introduction An aromatics complex is a combination of process units that can be used to convert petroleum naphtha and pyrolysis gasoline (pygas) into the basic petrochemical intermediates: Benzene Toluene and Xylenes (BTX). Benzene is a versatile petrochemical building block used in the production of more than 250 different products. Ethylbenzene, cumene, and cyclohexane are the most important ...

OBJECTIVE To determine if non-elite athletes undertaking short duration running exercise adjacent to a busy roadway experience increased blood levels of common pollutant volatile organic compounds (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX)). DESIGN AND SETTING The study was observational in design. Participants (nine males/one female non-elite athletes) ran for 20 min, near a busy road...

Ogata, M., Tomokuni, K., and Takatsuka, Y. (1970). Brit. J. industr. Med., 27,43-50. Urinary excretion of hippuric acid and mor p-methylhippuric acid in the urine of persons exposed to vapours of toluene and mor p-xylene as a test of exposure. Twenty-three male volunteers were exposed in groups of four or five to toluene and mand p-xylene vapour for periods of 3 hours or of 7 hours with one bre...

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) solute transport and biodegradation code BIOMOC was used in conjunction with the USGS universal inverse modeling code UCODE to quantify field-scale hydrocarbon dissolution and biodegradation at the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program crude-oil spill research site located near Bemidji, MN. This inverse modeling effort used the extensive historical data compi...

Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a polymeric material with high global demand. Conventionally, PET is produced from fossil-fuel-based materials. Herein, we explored the feasibility of a sustainable method for PET production by using solely bio-renewable resources. Specifically, 2,5-dimethylfuran (derived from lignocellulosic biomass through 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural) and acrolein (produced f...