We show that at the standard laboratory wavelength of CuKa the scattering factors of Cu and NiosFeo2 are identical, thereby making it impossible to distinguish the boundary of the Cu spacer layer in a Cdpermalloy spin valve structure from grazing incidence x-ray reflectivity curves. Use of grazing incidence fluorescence, in conjunction with x-ray reflectivity provides sufficient information to ...

X-ray diffraction from crystal surfaces at grazing angles gives rise to X-ray standing waves above and below the surface. Expressions are derived for the fluorescence observed from atoms located on or in a crystal as a result of excitation by the grazing-angle X-ray standing waves. In addition to the dependence of the fluorescence on the position of the atom with regard to the crystal plane tha...

The main principles and some applications of Bragg-Fresnel multilayer optics are described. An elliptical Bragg-Fresnel multilayer lens (BFML), designed and fabricated in the IMT RAS has been used for Zdimensional focusing of the white X-ray synchrotron beam. For the beam energy of about 12 KeV the spot size checked with the knife edge method was about lpm. As an example of a successful applica...

A new technical approach to breast-tumor detection is proposed. The technique is based on fluorescence x-ray analysis, and can identify a miniature malignant tumor within the breast. The primary beam intensity needed in fluorescence x-ray analysis is on a lower order of magnitude than that used in mammography. Thus, the newly-proposed technique would enable detection of a still tiny breast canc...

The Linac Coherent Light Source is an x-ray free-electron laser that recently demonstrated lasing in the 1.5-15 Å wavelength range. We report on luminescence measurements of a molecular nitrogen gas irradiated by ∼2  mJ, 80 fs x-ray pulses at energies of 0.83, 2.7, and 8.3 keV. These results provide a direct test of our current understanding of photoabsorption, electron dynamics, and fluorescen...

A combination of x-ray fluorescence and image processing has been shown to recover text characters written in iron gall ink on parchment, even when obscured by gold paint. Several leaves of the Archimedes Palimpsest were imaged using rapid-scan, x-ray fluorescence imaging performed at the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource of the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. A simple linear sho...

In this study, we analyzed the X-ray fluorescence of multi-layer material with a laser-induced and electrons. The laser plasma-based sources were generated by femtosecond Ti: sapphire source, optimized for measurement. three types stainless steel, copper-covered steel Korean 10 Won coins measured using compact relatively low intensity. Using difference in penetration depth between X-rays electr...

In this study, Ni/NiO nanocomposites were prepared using simple, environment-friendly and low-cost solid-state thermal decomposition method from nickel (II) Schiff base complex at 400 and 500°C for 3 hours. The Ni/NiO nanocomposites were characterized with Fourier transformed infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-Ray fluores...