Although a growing body of literature identifies the within-firm redistribution effects trade, research on adjustment processes in labor markets remains scarce. This study analyzes working hours and wages by considering workers’ educational background gender response to change offshoring. Matched worker–firm panel data Japanese manufacturing sector covering 1998 2014 are used. The analysis lead...

Short sea shipping poses significant problems for many seafarers, particularly officers employed in oil tankers as chief officers. This study examines officers’ working conditions on short shipping. In this study, Simio simulation software was utilised to evaluate the hours of The results demonstrate that rest periods have been less compromised navigation period increases operated To comply wit...