The ability to amplify or reduce subtle image changesover time is useful in contexts such as video editing, medicalvideo analysis, product quality control and sports. In thesecontexts there is often large motion present which severelydistorts current video amplification methods that magnifychange linearly. In this work we propose a method to copewith large motions while ...

Sea anemone cytolysins constitute a novel class of toxins that functions by forming channels in cell membranes. In contrast to the bacterial pore-forming toxins, there is little detailed information on the mechanism of action of these toxins and as yet no 3-D structures have been determined. These highly basic toxins of mass ∼20 kDa generate pores in membranes containing sphingomyelin by formin...

Vesicomyid clams are conspicuous fauna at many deep-sea hydrothermal-vent and cold-seep habitats. All species examined have specialized gill tissue harboring endosymbiotic bacteria, which are thought to provide the hosts' sole nutritional support. In these species mechanisms of symbiont inheritance are likely to be key elements of dispersal strategies. These mechanisms have remained unresolved ...

Hydrogen sulfide is generally accepted to be the energy source for the establishment of sulfur-oxidizing symbiotic communities. Here, we show that sulfur-storing symbioses not only consume but also produce large amounts of hydrogen sulfide. The prerequisite for this process appears to be the absence of oxygen. Anaerobic sulfide production is widespread among different thiotrophic symbioses from...

In 1976, we began a comprehensive evaluation of "Vexar" seedling protectors as a means of reducing damage to conifer seedlings by pocket gophers (Thomomys spp.). The protectors are cylinders of plastic netting that gradually decompose in sunlight. The evaluation is being conducted on four national forests in three western states. Three conifer species, lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta), ponderosa...

at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, cold seeps and in other reducing environments derive all or part of their nutrition from symbiont chemoautotrophy (Fisher, 1990; Cavanaugh, 1994). To support growth based on sulfide oxidation and carbon dioxide fixation, inorganic nitrogen (e.g. nitrate and ammonia) must also be assimilated. How this occurs has not been well studied and is potentially complicated...