Objective: To assess long term outcome of patients who underwent Mustard or Senning repair for transposition of the great arteries up to 30 years earlier. Design: Retrospective review of medical records. Setting: The six university hospitals in Belgium with paediatric cardiology departments. Patients: 339 patients were reviewed, of whom 124 underwent the Mustard procedure and 215 the Senning pr...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER-2) seems to be sensitive to nitrogen mustard, because nitrogen mustard heavily alkylates on guanine. In this study, we examined the effects of nitrogen mustard on cell growth and expression of HER-2 proteins in cultured human breast cancer cells. METHOD The HER-2 protein levels on the cell surface of breast cancer cell...

A total of 1118 soldiers who were wounded in war and hospitalized in Tehran, were examined for P .versicolor-a superficial mycotic infection. Of these, 213 were war-wounded, 54 chemical (mustard) gas-wounded, 42 both war and chemical gas-wounded, 105 had infectious and noninfectious diseases, and 704 were apparently healthy soldiers serving in war fronts who were examined for P. versicolor...

In this work a novel bioassay for mustard agent detection was proposed. The bioassay is based on the capability of these compounds to inhibit the enzyme choline oxidase. The enzymatic activity, which is correlated to the mustard agents, was electrochemically monitored measuring the enzymatic product, hydrogen peroxide, by means of a screen-printed electrode modified with Prussian Blue nanoparti...

Sulfur mustard (SM), a potent chemical weapon agent, was used by Iraqi forces against Iranian in the Iraq-Iran war (1981-1989). Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a late toxic pulmonary consequence after SM exposure. The COPD observed in these patients is unique (described as Mustard Lung) and to some extent different from COPD resulted from other well-known causes. Several mechani...

Sulfur mustard (SM) or mustard gas is a chemical alkylating agent that causes blisters in the skin (blister gas), burns the eyes and causes lung injury. Some major cellular pathways are involved in the damage caused by mustard gas such as NF-κb signaling, TGF-β signaling, WNT pathway, inflammation, DNA repair and apoptosis. MicroRNAs are non-coding small RNAs (19-25 nucleotides) that are involv...

OBJECTIVE To assess long term outcome of patients who underwent Mustard or Senning repair for transposition of the great arteries up to 30 years earlier. DESIGN Retrospective review of medical records. SETTING The six university hospitals in Belgium with paediatric cardiology departments. PATIENTS 339 patients were reviewed, of whom 124 underwent the Mustard procedure and 215 the Senning ...

The dinitrobenzamide mustards are a class of bioreductive nitro-aromatic anticancer prodrugs, of which a phosphorylated analog (PR-104) is currently in clinical development. They are bioactivated by tumor reductases to form DNA cross-linking cytotoxins. However, their biotransformation in normal tissues has not been examined. Here we report the aerobic in vitro metabolism of three N-(2 hydroxye...

The effects of reducing fat levels from 30% to 20% and salt concentrations from 1.5% to 1.0% by partially substituting incorporated phosphate and sea mustard were investigated based on physicochemical properties of reduced-fat / low-NaCl meat emulsion systems. Cooking loss and emulsion stability, hardness, springiness, and cohesiveness for reduced-fat / low-NaCl meat emulsion systems with 20% p...

Repellent properties of three plant extracts--essential oil (steam distillate) of Zanthoxylum limonella (fruits), Citrus aurantifolia (leaf) and petroleum ether extract of Z. limonella (fruits) were evaluated as repellent against Aedes (S.) albopictus mosquitoes in mustard (Dhara) and coconut (Parachute) oil base under laboratory conditions. Three concentrations--10, 20 and 30% of the repellent...