introduction acetic acid bacteria are large group of obligate aerobic gram negative bacteria with the ability to oxidize ethanol to acetic acid (1). they are widely distributed in natural habitats and classified in family acetobacteraceae. members of this family are useful in industrial production of vinegar(2). acetic acid bacteria (aab) can use substrates as glucose, ethanol, lactate or glyc...

nitric oxide (no) is a small molecule synthesized by most of mammalian cells with diverse biological activities including vasodilatation, host defense and wound healing. impaired wound healing is a common occurrence among diabetics and patients receiving glucocorticoid therapy. on the other hand the application of laser in biomedical area have been increased. thus, the current studies were desi...

learning a second or foreign language requires the manipulation of four main skills, namely, listening, reading, speaking, and writing which lead to effective communication. it is obvious that vocabulary is an indispensible part of any communication, so without a vocabulary, no meaningful communication can take place and meaningful communication relies heavily on vocabulary. one fundamental fac...

تحلیل پوششی داده ها به عنوان یک علم نوپا به ابزاری برای اندازه گیری کارایی در آمده است. تحلیل پوششی داده ها به بررسی و ارزیابی واحدهای تصمیم گیرنده که یک یا چند ورودی را برای تولید یک یا چند خروجی مصرف می کنند می پردازد. از مشخصه های اصلی تحلیل پوششی داده ها حساس بودن آن نسبت به داده ها می باشد بدین معنی که عدم دقت در جمع آوری داده ها باعث به دست آمدن نتایج نادرستی می گردد. از جمله کاربردهای ان...

abstractof two mcall programs introducing 100 vocabulary items through two im the researcher of the present study was intrigued to compare the effects age modalities (pictures and streaming video) with those of a conventional method (teacher instruction) in an efl context. she set out to investigate whether such multimedia environments could provide a more effective environment for vocabulary...

Sukuk is the most important Islamic financial securities designed based on Islamic laws, and the relationship between risk and return is the most basic concept in Islamic finance. The results of examining and comparing the similarities between bonds and sukuk show that the most important difference between these two financing tools is the type of asset backed by sukuk and the type of asset cont...

the construct of self-efficacy has received increasing attention in research over the past two decades. many studies have been carried out 1.3 significance of the study this study has pedagogical implications since improving students’ self- efficacy and autonomy is important for promoting actual performance on classroom academic tasks. in academic settings, it has been shown that self-effi...