Comprehension and/or production of noun phrases and sentences requires the selection of lexical-syntactic attributes of nouns. These lexical-syntactic attributes include grammatical gender (masculine/feminine/neuter), number (singular/plural) and countability (mass/count). While there has been considerable discussion regarding gender and number, relatively little attention has focused on counta...

Child language researchers have often taken gender and case paradigms to be interesting test cases for theories of language learning. In this paper we develop a computational model of the acquisition of the gender, number, and case paradigm for the German definite article. The computational formalism used is a connectionist algorithm developed by Rumelhart, Hinton, and Williams (1986). Three mo...

BACKGROUND The frequency components of the human voice play a major role in signalling the gender of the speaker. A voice imitation study was conducted to investigate individuals' ability to make behavioural adjustments to fundamental frequency (F0), and formants (Fi) in order to manipulate their expression of voice gender. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Thirty-two native British-English adul...

We investigated the role that linguistic abstraction may play in people's perceptions of gender in spoken language. In the first experiment, participants told stories about their best friend and romantic partner. Variations in linguistic abstraction and gender-linked adjectives for describing their close others were examined. Participants used significantly more abstract language to describe me...

I argue that Katniss Everdeen from The Hunger Games is an emblem of what Julia Kristeva calls the “extravagant girl” who wants to have it all and to be the best at everything. Katniss has an ambiguous gender identity, both masculine and feminine, paternal and maternal. And she has ambivalent desires. I conclude that this ambiguity and ambivalence open up new possibilities for girls and initiate...

This historiographical essay analyzes the feminist challenge, dating from the 1970s, to the accepted view of childbirth which equated technologicaland male intervention with progress and consigned traditional midwifery to the dark ages. The challenge has come from two groups: feminists whose primary concerns are present-day issues and historians whose objective is a ''social history of childbir...

Abstract The endings of Spanish nouns reflect gender with varying degrees frequency and regularity. most common regular are -o for masculine -a feminine nouns, - o being more frequent less closely associated a specific category (masculine) than . Pairs words occurring both categories differ in the frequencies which they used as or forms: médic-o/médic-a ‘doctor’ (m.)/‘doctor’ (f.) is clear exam...

Studies on mate preferences usually examine heterosexual attraction; comparatively little is known about preferences of individuals whose sexuality is aimed at the same sex. This study examined preferences of two groups of androphilic individuals homosexual men and heterosexual women for male facial and vocal level of masculinity. Facial images of 61 men and vocal recordings of 30 men were rate...

This investigation examined children's memory for stereotypic and reverse-stereotypic sex role content in their reading material. In experiment 1, lists of traits and behaviors deemed typical of boys and girls were obtained from 2 classrooms of fifth-grade students. 4 experimental stories were developed from these lists of stereotypic items, each depicting a male and female character who exhibi...

ABSTRACT The extent to which gender neutral and gendered nouns impact differently upon native French speakers’ representations was examined through a yes-no forced choice task. Swiss (Experiment 1) Québec 2) French-speaking participants were presented with word pairs composed of first name (e.g., Thomas) role doctor), tasked indicate whether they believed that [first name] could be one the [rol...