Gaussian beams provide the simplest mathematical description of the essential features of a focused optical beam, by ignoring higher-order effects induced by apertures elsewhere in the system. Wavefunctions ψ(x, t) = ψ(x)e−iωt for Gaussian laser beams [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12] of angular frequency ω are typically deduced in the paraxial approximation, meaning that in the far zone the fu...

A new resistorless single-input-multi-output (SIMO) universal transadmittance (TA) type filter employing two voltage differencing transconductance amplifiers (VDTA) and two grounded capacitors is proposed. The proposed topology realizes simultaneously low pass (LP), high pass (HP), and band pass (BP) filter functions. Band rejects (BR) and all pass (AP) filters are also realizable through appro...

Abstact：objective To investigate acute kidney injury (AKI) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who received high dose methotrexate (MTX) chemotherapy and explore the corresponding treatment. Methods 180 children who received high dose MTX chemotherapy were observed with serum MTX concentration and serum creatinine. Patients with AKI of stage 3 or poor response to conventional tr...

Almost none of the r-modes ordinarily found in rotating stars exist, if the star and its perturbations obey the same one-parameter equation of state; and rotating relativistic stars with one-parameter equations of state have no pure r-modes at all, no modes whose limit, for a star with zero angular velocity, is a perturbation with axial parity. Similarly (as we show here) rotating stars of this...

Introduction. Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is common and associated with significant mortality and complications. Exact data on the epidemiology of AKI in the Emergency Department (ED) are sparse. This review aims to summarise the key principles for managing AKI patients in the ED. Principal Findings. Timely resuscitation, goal-directed correction of fluid depletion and hypotension, and appropriat...

Discuss the scattering of a plane electromagnetic wave of angular frequency ω that is normally incident on a perfectly conducting cylinder of radius a (in vacuum) when the wavelength obeys λ a (ka 1). Comment also on the limit of large cylinders, ka 1, via the optical theorem. Extend the discussion to the case of small conducting elliptical cylinders, which have (small) flat strips as a limit. ...

Subsequent to Paper I, the evolution and fragmentation of a rotating magnetized cloud are studied with use of three-dimensional MHD nested-grid simulations. After the isothermal runaway collapse, an adiabatic gas forms a protostellar first core at the center of the cloud. When the isothermal gas is stable for fragmentation in a contracting disk, the adiabatic core often breaks into several frag...

we consider the semilinear elliptic boundary value problem  = ∈∂ω− δ = ∈ωu x xu x f u x x( ) 0;( ) λ ( ( ));where λ > 0 is a parameter, ω is a bounded region in rn with a smooth boundary, and f is asmooth function. we prove, under some additional conditions, the existence of a positive solution for λlarge. we prove that our solution u for λ large is such that = →∞∈ω|| u ||: sup| u(x) |xas λ ...

The angular correlation function ω(θ) of faint galaxies is affected both by nonlinear gravitational evolution and by magnification bias due to gravitational lensing. We compute the resulting ω(θ) for different cosmological models and show how its shape and redshift evolution depend on Ω and Λ. For galaxies at redshift greater than 1 (R magnitude fainter than about 24), magnification bias can si...

Inductively Coupled Plasmas (ICPs) can be maintained over a wide range of driving frequencies, from 50 Hz to GHz. We have investigated the specifics of ICP operation at different frequencies which address: a) nonlinear plasma dynamics due to the disparity of time scales for ion transport and electron energy relaxation, b) the absence of time-varying magnetic field in plasma for certain ICP conf...