We have developed a novel type of biofunction-assisted aptasensor that harnesses ligand-dependent 3' processing of a premature amber suppressor tRNA and the subsequent amber suppression of a reporter gene in a wheat germ extract.

Condensation of N,N’-diacetylchitobiono-1,54actone, obtained by oxidation of N,N’-diacetylchitobiose, with n-alkylamines gave NJ’-diacetylchitobionic IValkylamides. The interaction of these glycolipids with wheat-germ agglutinin and Griffonia simplicifolia II lectin is described.

A rice gene, OsRALyase1, encoding a product similar to wheat ribosomal RNA apurinic site specific lyase (RALyase), was isolated and expressed in vitro. An open reading frame of the gene predicted a protein of 476 amino acid residues with 75% identity to RALyase and contained an F-box-like motif in its amino terminal region. The rice gene product expressed in a wheat-germ protein expression syst...

The activity of esterase secreted by conidia of wheat powdery mildew fungus, Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, was assayed using indoxyl acetate hydrolysis, which generates indigo blue crystals. Mature, ungerminated, and germinating conidia secrete esterase(s) on artificial media and on plant leaf surfaces. The activity of these esterases was inhibited by diisopropyl fluorophosphate, which is s...

Chromatin-bound poly(adenosine 5'-diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) synthetase activity was highest in ungerminated wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Mukakomugi) embryos, and it decreased after germination within 14 hours. In contrast, transcriptional activity was lowest in ungerminated wheat embryos, and it increased during germination for 24 hours or more. Histones, H1, H2A/H2B, basic nonhistone chrom...

Modulation of the effect of wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) with hapten, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc), in case of pre-sowing treatment of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum cv Rannyaya 93) seeds, on the biological components of the system ’’plant – soil – microorganisms” was studied. The application of WGA (100 nM) stimulated root formation, biomass production, total chlorophyll content and wheat g...

A factor that binds Met-tRNAF’ in a ternary complex (eucaryotic initiation factor (eIF2)) and an auxiliary component that strongly stimulates the activity of the binding factor (CoeIF2) have been purified from extracts of wheat germ. The molecular weights of the two factors, as determined by glycerol gradient centrifugation and sodium dodecyl sulfate gel electrophoresis, are 88,000 and 20,000, ...

Thin-section and critical-point-dried fracture-labeled preparations are used to determine the distribution and partition of glycophorin-associated wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) binding sites over protoplasmic and exoplasmic faces of freeze-fractured human erythrocyte membranes. Most wheat germ agglutinin binding sites are found over exoplasmic faces. Label is sparse over the protoplasmic faces. T...

The inhibition of protein synthesis in Chinese hamster V79 cells by diphtheria toxin is antagonized by the lectins concanavalin A, succinylated concanavalin A, and wheat germ agglutinin but not by Proteus vulgaris phytohemagglutinin or abrus agglutinin. The effects of concanavalin A and wheat germ agglutinin are reversed by methyl alpha-mannoside and N-acetylglucosamine, respectively. The inhib...

The 7-methylguanylic acid residue confronting the 5'-terminal nucleotide of mRNA through two pyrophosphate linkages was completely removed by tobacco pyrophosphatase from mRNAs of cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus, tobacco mosaic virus (viral RNA), and globin without any scission in the inner part of the RNA chain. Protein synthesis ability in a wheat germ cell-free system was lost after this trea...