For all newborn mammals, mother's milk is the perfect nourishment, crucial for their postnatal development. Here we report that, unexpectedly, maternal western diet consumption in mice causes the production of toxic milk that contains excessive long chain and saturated fatty acids, which triggers ceramide accumulation and inflammation in the nursing neonates, manifested as alopecia. This neonat...

Food intake in Chile has changed markedly in the last decades, showing an increase in fat consumption and presently a small fruit and vegetables intake. A parallel is made between the Chilean and Mediterranean diet (mainly the one from Spain, Italy, and Greece), both currently and from 50 years ago. The main differences and similarities are based on food availability. Although Chilean diet seem...

In describing the two dietary patterns identified in this manuscript, the authors reported that the variation in food intake explained by these dietary patterns amounted to 84 % (paragraph 2 of Results, p4). This was the common variance shared by all foods entered into the dietary pattern analysis; whereas the total variance in food intakes explained by the patterns was 13 % (Western dietary pa...

Bread is an elementary part of the western diet, and especially rye bread is regarded as an important source of fibre. We investigated the heritability of eating bread in terms of choice of white and rye bread and use-frequency of bread in female and male twins in Denmark and Finland. The study cohorts included 575 Danish (age range 18-67 years) and 2009 Finnish (age range 22-27 years) adult tw...

The analysis revealed that except for vitamin D, which would have been supplied by endogenous synthesis in hunter gatherers, it is entirely possible to consume a nutritionally balanced diet from contemporary foods that mimic the food groups and types available during the Paleolithic. Despite the elimination of two major food groups, the trace nutrient density of the experimental diet remained e...

INTRODUCTION Western diet containing both saturated fat and cholesterol impairs cardio-metabolic health partly by modulating diversity and function of the microbiota. While diet containing only high fat has comparable effects, it is unclear how diets only enriched in cholesterol impact the microbiota. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the response of host and microbiota to a high cholesterol ...

Several studies have recently reported the development of colonic epithelial cell hyperproliferation in rodents following the ingestion of Western-style diets. In this study, additional measurements related to differentiation and maturation of the colonic epithelial cells were made after feeding this type of diet. Two Western-style diets high in fat and phosphate content and low in calcium and ...

The enzyme 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (11β-HSD) interconverts active glucocorticoids and their intrinsically inert 11-keto forms. The type 1 isozyme, 11β-HSD1, predominantly reactivates glucocorticoids in vivo and can also metabolise bile acids. 11β-HSD1-deficient mice show altered inflammatory responses and are protected against the adverse metabolic effects of a high-fat diet. However, ...

Many shorebird species undertake long-distance migrations punctuated by brief stays at food-rich, estuarine stopover locations. Understanding use of these food resources helps guide conservation and responsible development decisions. We determined the extent and degree to which Western Sandpiper (Calidris mauri) utilized biofilm as a food resource across a large and variable stopover location d...

Rabbits were immunized with two synthetic peptides based on hydrophilic regions of selenoprotein W from rat muscle. The resulting polyclonal antibodies were used in Western blots to determine the compartmentation and tissue distribution of selenoprotein W, and to determine the influence of selenium on the levels of this selenoprotein in rat muscle. Selenoprotein W exists mainly in cytosol, but ...