Abstract At cruising speed, one of the most significant contributing factors to train fuel consumption is aerodynamic drag, and leading locomotive experiences much more drag than any other car in train. This work reports on reduction that can be realized by use add-on nose fairings are deployed locomotives a set. Two types fairing shapes were considered all walls flat. It anticipated would resu...

Flexoelectric polarization, which is caused by symmetry breaking in a distortion of material, was investigated liquid crystalline elastomers composed wedge-shaped mesogens prepared cross-linking under horseshoe-shaped deformation. X-ray diffractometry suggested that splay along the depth direction induced pseudo-isotropic phase. While almost no electric charge observed smectic A phase, an polar...

A new class of star-shaped coil–rod diblock copolymer polystyrene-block-poly(3-hexylthiophene) (PS-bP3HT) with well-defined structures and the ratio of coil to rod blocks were synthesized by a combination of atom transfer radical polymerization, the Grignard metathesis method, and click reaction. The star-shaped PS-b-P3HT diblock copolymers covalently connected to a b-cyclodextrin (b-CD) core w...

This paper proposes, for low buildings, an integrated wall structure of a brick-stem-insulating layer, which plays a major part in both heat preservation and force bearing. The research team has tested the thermal performance of the structure, the results of which are satisfying. To further study the force-bearing performance, the paper carries out compressive tests of specimens of different st...

| A new method of non-slicing oorplanning is proposed, which is based on the new representation for non-slicing oorplans proposed by [1], called bounded slicing grid(BSG) structure. We developed a new greedy algorithm based on the BSG structure, running in linear time, to select the alternative shape for each soft block so as to minimize the overall area for general oorplan, including non-slici...

© 2009 Jung-Su Kim et al. 345 ABSTRACT⎯This letter presents an alternative analytical expression for computing the probability of an M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) wedge-shaped region in an additive white Gaussian noise channel. The expression is represented by the cumulative distribution function of known noncentral Fdistribution. Computer simulation results demonstrate the validity of our an...

In the radiotherapy (RT) of moving targets with scanned ion-beams at GSI we are investigating a new method of fast range adaptation. The method controls an ion-beam depth in a moving target by deflecting the ion-beam on an appropriate thickness of a static wedge shaped energy degrader placed upstream in the ion-optical system. A feasibility study of this method using Monte Carlo simulations are...

The cilia and the cytoplasm are separated by a region called the transition zone, where wedge-shaped structures link the microtubule doublets of the axoneme to the ciliary membrane, thereby forming a ciliary "gate." In this issue, Craige et al. (J. Cell Biol. doi:10.1083/jcb.201006105) demonstrate in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii that Nphp6/cep290, which is mutated in nephronophthisis (NPHP), is an...

Similarity solutions for the steady state equations governing flow of granular materials under gravity in a conical or wedge-shaped hopper are constructed. Such solutions can be considered for various plasticity models. Results obtained under the classical Mohr-Coulomb yield condition are compared with those obtained when a von Mises yield condition is imposed. A thorough stability study in the...

Using a generalized transfer matrix method we exactly solve the Schrödinger equation in a time periodic potential, with discretized Euclidean space-time. The ground state wave function propagates in space and time with an oscillating soliton-like wave packet and the wave front is wedge shaped. In a statistical mechanics framework our solution represents the partition sum of a directed polymer s...