This study was conducted to determine the morphology of mandibular dental arch forms. Two different methods were used for this purpose and compared to find out the frequency distribution. It was conducted on 100 patients visiting Lahore Medical and Dental College, Lahore. Dental casts were photocopied and investigated to find out the square, tapering and ovoid arch forms. A mathematical model o...

The energy-sparing spring theory of the foot's arch has become central to interpretations of the foot's mechanical function and evolution. Using a novel insole technique that restricted compression of the foot's longitudinal arch, this study provides the first direct evidence that arch compression/recoil during locomotion contributes to lowering energy cost. Restricting arch compression near ma...

Post-aortic left innominate vein (PALIV) is a rare abnormality passing over the aortic arch. A 70-year-old male was diagnosed with PALIV and distal aortic arch aneurysm (Fig. 1). Total arch replacement was successfully performed using antegrade selective cerebral perfusion of 20 8C. PALIV was preserved by complete exposure and retraction (Fig. 2). Fig. 2. Intraoperative surgeon's view: (A) post...

Introduction: When using sliding mechanics for space closure during orthodontic treatment, friction occurs at the bracket-wire interface. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frictional resistance between monocrystalline (ICE) brackets and Stainless Steel, Beta TMA and NiTi wires. Methods: In this experimental study, we used 5 different types of orthodontic wires. Brackets and wires wer...

The purpose of this study was to establish tooth width and arch dimensions in normal and malocclusion samples and to compare tooth width and arch dimensions between males and females in normal and malocclusion samples. A total of 120 pairs of orthodontic study casts were included in the study. An electronic digital caliper was used for the measurements. Descriptive statistics and the t-test wer...