Most non-economists would question whether economists know anything about culture. Indeed, given some faculty meetings I’ve been through, I imagine they might go so far as to say economists are uncultured. Although the second sentiment probably does go too far, there is certainly merit to the first. In particular, with a few exceptions (notably Kreps, 1990; Crémer, 1993; Lazear, 1995; Hodgson, ...

We develop a new framework for analysing finite connected, oriented graphs of valency four, which admit a vertex-transitive and edge-transitive group of automorphisms preserving the edge orientation. We identify a sub-family of ‘basic’ graphs such that each graph of this type is a normal cover of at least one basic graph. The basic graphs either admit an edge-transitive group of automorphisms t...

today one of the ecological crisis is the phenomenon of desertification that affecting the world. desertification is more related to social and anthropogenic issues than natural causes and it becomes more important over the time. monitoringis the systematic collection and analysis of information as a project progresses. in this study, using ahp method and gis techniques has been to assess deser...

Timothy Williamson’s Modal Logic as Metaphysics is, among much else, a detailed and complex defense of the metaphysical view he calls necessitism, the view that necessarily everything necessarily exists (is something), that although it may be a contingent matter how things are, what things there are is entirely a matter of necessity. The majority of contemporary modal metaphysicians reject this...

Strikingly, Ogawa and Wildasin (2009) find that in a model with heterogenous jurisdictions, interjurisdictional capital flows, and interjurisdictional environmental damage spillovers, decentralized planning outcomes are equivalent to that under a single centralized planner. Taken to its extreme this result renders international agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol irrelevant. We first show the...