There is tremendous interest in water-compatible lanthanide triflate-based catalysts for carbon-carbon bond forming reactions; however, poor understanding of their aqueous mechanism severely limits the ability to increase the utility of these catalysts. Here, we report dynamic measurements of the water-coordination number of lanthanide triflate-based catalysts using luminescence-decay measureme...

This review paper presents an overview of the available technologies used nowadays for the removal of arsenic species from water. Conventionally applied techniques to remove arsenic species include oxidation, coagulation-flocculation, and membrane techniques. Besides, progress has recently been made on the utility of various nanoparticles for the remediation of contaminated water. A critical an...

The paper presents a cost-effective device designed for measuring and monitoring the TDS (total dissolved solids) level of drinkable, surface (lakes, rivers) and/or industrial waters. Providing a first reading of potential water pollutions, the device is dedicated to the sectors of environment and consumer protection. The device was implemented and a series of continuous measurements is depicte...

This paper presents a novel bi-objective manpower scheduling problem that minimizes the penalty resulted from employees’ assignment at lower skill levels than their real skill and maximizes employees’ utility for working at a special skill level in some shifts or on some days. Employees are classified in two specialist groups and three skill levels in each specialization. In addition, the prese...

Three diagnostic procedures were tested to determine their potential usefulness in identifying faulty rural wells: (1) monitoring wells were constructed at three depths near each of three rural wells having a history of nitratenitrogen and/or herbicide contamination, and all wells were sampled daily for four weeks and tested for nitrate-nitrogen, atrazine, alachlor, metolachlor, and chloride; (...

Recent literature has not only recognized the implementation limitations of formal regulation, but also appreciated the significance of informal regulation for achieving environmental goals for developing countries. Since most units in developing world fall under unorganized sector, even utility of some of the informal channels like public-disclosures is limited. Under the scenario, a localized...

4 Preference for water quality and its nonmarket valuation can be used to inform the development of 5 pricing policies and long term supply strategies. Tap water quality is a household concern. The 6 objective status quo varies between households and not between individuals within households, 7 while charges are levied on households not individuals. Individual preferences differ from 8 collecti...

objectives: liver cirrhosis can change many aspects of life of the patients and their family and effects society. we aimed to study the utility of cirrhosis from the point of view of the patients, their family, and their care takers to find appropriate interventions, and training and counselling programmes to support patients. methods: in this cross-sectional study with a goal-based sampling me...

We estimate the price elasticity of water demand with household-level data, structurally modeling the piecewise-linear budget constraints imposed by increasing block pricing. We develop a mathematical expression for the unconditional price elasticity of demand under increasing block prices and compare conditional and unconditional elasticities analytically and empirically. We test the hypothesi...

This study aims to estimate the recreational use values of Great Lakes beaches using a two-level nested logit Random Utility Model. The choice set contains all 594 public Great Lakes beaches in Michigan. Beach sites located in the same Great Lakes water body are arranged into a nest. The trip data were obtained from a 2006 online survey using a web-panel of Michigan adults accessed through Surv...